For some reason, it seems that many drivers of this model will be interested in the question of why the VAZ 2114 8-valve injector does not start well. Finding the cause of this phenomenon is not as easy as it might seem at first. This is due to certain difficulties in troubleshooting in this model, since injection systems differ from carburetor systems. The algorithm for identifying possible problems will be built differently, adapting to the design features of the machine.
We will try to consider why the VAZ 2114 8-valve injector does not start well in this work. In a short article it is impossible to consider absolutely all possible problems; there are some that can only be identified with the help of diagnostic equipment. But, nevertheless, we will try to analyze as many such situations as possible in order to help all VAZ 2114 owners decide what to do in such a situation.
Spark plug
Spark plugs are one of the main parts of the ignition system of any car. If the spark is weak, due to a malfunction the spark plug will not be able to ignite the fuel, resulting in misfires. And in the cold season this can become a huge problem.
First, unscrew the spark plugs and inspect their condition. It is worth assessing the degree of soot, the color of the spark plugs and the overall condition.
Do not forget that the service life of spark plugs is from 20 to 30 thousand kilometers.
If the spark plugs have brown or gray-brown soot, it means they are in working order and there is no need to change them yet. If you notice oil smudges, dense black carbon deposits, a melted electrode or some kind of deposits, this all means that there are problems in the gas distribution system or that the service life of the spark plug has already expired. If a VAZ 2114 (8-valve injector) does not start well, then due to the simplicity of the engine, the problem is most likely in the ignition system.
It is possible to clean the spark plugs and “calcinate” them, after which their operation will return to normal, but only for a while. It is better to resort to such repair methods if it is not possible to replace the spark plugs here and now.
Electrical faults
Most of the problems lie here, so we’ll look at each option in detail here:
Nothing happens when I turn the key
On a VAZ 2114, this usually indicates a violation in the ignition switch - starter line, but one of the reasons for the breakdown “for blondes” is a dead battery, do not forget about it (checked with a voltmeter: it should be at least 11.8 V - and with a hydrometer, if the battery is serviceable : at least 1.22 in each jar).
Let's move on. The cause of such a malfunction may be a breakdown of the ignition switch cylinder, and the injector has nothing to do with it. If, when turning the key, new sensations arise (something catches, turning has become easier or, conversely, more difficult), that’s the problem.
Under the panel, approximately above the clutch, there are two relays: ignition switch and starter release. The reason may be a malfunction of one of them. They are checked according to the manual by a good electrician or replaced with a known working one.
Starter. Often the cause may be a jammed “retractor”. If you are standing in a field, you should try hitting it with something heavy like a large key (without fanaticism) - it may help. If the car is parked in a garage, you should remove the starter and try to start it directly from the battery.
To do this, press the housing to the zero terminal of the battery, install the wire with the alligator clip on the positive terminal of the battery and bring it to the positive of the retractor. If the starter tries to jump out of your hands, everything is fine (be careful, it is not recommended to carry out this procedure without basic knowledge of safety precautions and an assistant!).
If there is no reaction, the problem is in the retractor. If the relay buzzes, but the starter does not turn, the problem is in the brushes. If the starter makes a terrible sound, but does not turn, the problem is in the bendix.
If the starter turns, replace the battery and check the power supply to the chips that are connected to the starter (with an assistant, one turns the key, the other measures it with a multimeter).
Also pay attention to the ground wire that goes to the battery. If there are breaks in the wiring at the point of contact with the body or at the terminal, it must be replaced. It is also worth disconnecting the wire from the body and thoroughly cleaning it with a metal brush. The reason for the failure to start may be simple oxidation.
The starter turns, but the car does not start
This is the most common situation in the case of the VAZ 2114. The procedure for solving it must begin with answering the question of whether there is a spark. To do this, take an assistant, unscrew one spark plug, put an armor wire on it and very carefully (avoid touching live parts, hold the insulated part of the wire) apply the spark plug to the cylinder head cover. While the assistant turns the engine, watch the behavior of the spark plug. If there is no spark, you need to look for it.
If there's no spark
The ignition module is one of the key problems of the VAZ 2114 on the injector. It breaks often and sometimes a new one comes with a defect. You can read more about checking the ignition module in other material on our website. Please note that the problem may also lie in the chip that is connected to the module. The presence of power on it must also be checked.
DPCV is another reason why there may be no spark. Since this sensor monitors the firing phases of the cylinders, it is one of the key elements of the ignition system. Note that the probability of its failure is lower than that of the ignition module. It is checked by an electrician using an oscilloscope; garage methods do not provide an accurate assessment of the condition of the sensor (only replacement with a guaranteed working one).
ECU. “January” is a relatively reliable injector, but the “brains” can also malfunction from time to time. Often the problem with them is identified by a violation of the injection phases: for example, a spark is supplied only to cylinders 2 and 4, or only to cylinders 1 and 3. Sometimes the issue can be resolved by simply cleaning the contacts on the ECU chip; it is also subject to oxidation, which causes signal loss.
The most common reasons: what is the problem?
It is worth noting that a malfunction can be determined by indirect signs without even opening the hood of the car. For example, if the starter turns, but the engine does not catch on or immediately stalls, the problem lies in the fuel system. Without exception, all the reasons for the inability to start the engine can be divided into two main groups:
- malfunction of one of the fuel system components;
- lack of contact of the electronic ignition system.
It is also necessary to include the following in a separate category of faults: the engine “knocked”, the timing belt broke. In this case, expensive repairs will be required. In other cases, you can get by with a little bloodshed.
The first problem is the starter turns, does not engage
Let's consider the following situation when the VAZ-2114 does not start, but the starter continues to turn. You should also take into account the nuance that the starter still does not engage. The mechanism of the problem is as follows:
- the key is inserted into the ignition;
- the fuel pump pumped up the fuel mixture;
- during the ignition startup process, the starter turns in idle mode (experts call this process “the starter does not catch”).
Experienced motorists note that a similar situation occurs in VAZs with high mileage, so we can talk about wear of either the starter itself or its parts. So, most often the overrunning clutch or “Bendix” suffers; the main element here is the gear. It is this overrunning clutch gear that causes a lot of trouble, because its teeth are often subject to wear. The mechanism of the malfunction appears as follows:
- the driver turns the key;
- the starter starts to spin;
- The overrunning clutch gear cannot engage the engine due to tooth wear.
Even in the starter, its gearbox may fail. This problem is less common than the previous one. This gearbox includes several types of gears, which are also subject to wear due to the long life of the vehicle. There are five gears in total:
- one small;
- three satellite gears;
- one large one, attached directly to the gearbox housing and engaged with the satellites.
Even an experienced specialist will not immediately say in which of the named parts the gear teeth have worn out. To do this, you will have to remove the starter and disassemble it to inspect all the components.
Main reasons and methods for solving them
Healthy! Maybe you are lucky and resetting the injector errors will help. To do this, you first need to remove the negative terminal from the battery. If after 5-10 minutes the car starts as well, then this is not the problem.
Difficulty starting the engine is influenced by a number of simple reasons, which you can eliminate yourself in the garage, having a standard set of tools with you.
Starter mechanisms (brushes, bendix)
In the process of rebuilding the starter. The arrow indicates worn brushes.
- On used cars, the brushes on the starter wear out. In this case, you need to remove the cover and replace them with new ones;
- A starter that has been in use for a long time can be sorted out, cleaned all the mechanisms, washed with WD-40 and filled with new lithol, since the old one is most likely coked and formed into balls;
Fuel problems
In the process of replacing the fuel pump grid. On the right is the old one, and on the left is the new coarse mesh
Small particles of debris getting into the gas tank . This problem is treated by cleaning the fuel system and replacing the filter.
Incorrect sensor readings
Failure or incorrect signal supply from the sensors to the ECU (their diagnostics are required, and if a malfunction is detected, replacement with new ones):
- Speed sensor.
- Crankshaft position sensor.
- Idle speed sensor.
- Phase sensor.
Wires, filter and spark plugs
Clogged air filter
- High-voltage wires are broken , poor contact on the tips (oxidation). During a visual inspection, it is rarely determined whether the best option is to replace it with new or known good ones. Before replacing, you can clean (blow out) the contacts on the old wires.
- The spark plugs are flooded , mechanically damaged, or the gap is set incorrectly. If necessary, the following is done: new ones are screwed in, the required gap is set, or the old ones are returned to their place.
- The air filter is clogged , causing the air supply to the engine combustion chamber to deteriorate. It is recommended to replace with a new one.
Gasoline pump
The fuel pump is located under the rear seat
The fuel pump does not provide the required pressure , which is why the injectors do not spray fuel, but simply splash it. In order to discard this option, you need to measure the fuel pressure with a pressure gauge (the nominal one should correspond to the norm of 3.2 bar).
If the result is different, the situation requires replacing the fuel pump.
Engine failure
Reduced compression in the cylinders is one of the most terrible situations for a car owner. In this case, flammable gases enter the crankcase, and new vapors do not ignite.
Electrical problems
If you notice that your VAZ 2114 is difficult to start, then first of all you should check the main electrical components and assemblies that affect its operation.
These include:
- starter;
- spark plug;
- throttle;
- electronic control unit.
In this case, the check should begin with the candles.
Plaque on the spark plug body
Before you begin troubleshooting, you should check the condition and charge of the battery. If it is too discharged, then this can cause poor starter performance and, as a result, difficulties when starting the engine.
If the battery is in perfect order, then you should carefully examine the spark plugs. The presence of oil, carbon deposits, or colored spots on them may indicate that they are faulty. In this case, there are two options for solving the problem - either clean the existing spark plugs (for example, calcinate them or clean them with fine sandpaper and solvent) or replace them with new ones. The last option is the most preferable, since only it will help you find out for sure whether the spark plugs are to blame for the malfunction or not.
It should be remembered that when replacing spark plugs with new ones, all 4 spark plugs should be replaced. This is done even if only one candle fails.
If upon inspection it turns out that everything is in order with the spark plugs, then you should check the high-voltage coil. This can be made easier by replacing it with a new, similar one. If the ignition coil (or rather the block) is working properly, then you should proceed to diagnosing the starter.
Starter for VAZ 2114
Checking the starter consists of carefully inspecting it and monitoring the condition of the main elements - the degree of wear of graphite brushes, brass bushings, etc. In addition, you should check the starter using a multimeter (tester), “ringing” it between one of the brushes and the armature. If the tester shows an open circuit, then there is a break in the winding and the part will have to be replaced.
Another reason why the VAZ 2114 does not start well with a cold injector may be a malfunction of the electronic control unit. Checking it at home is extremely problematic, since you will need special diagnostic equipment.
That is why you should either contact a service center to check the ECU or try replacing the unit with another one and try to start the car again. If the car starts right away, then the problem was in the block. In this case, you will have to either buy a new ECU or reflash the existing one (for this you will also need to contact a car service).
About malfunctions in electrical equipment
What could be the fault of this system for poor engine starting? Here, too, two areas can be distinguished: unsatisfactory operation of the starter and malfunctions in the ignition system. If the engine crankshaft is not given a certain number of revolutions, it will be very difficult to start it. This can occur when the battery is discharged or when there is a breakdown in the starter itself.
This may be wear of the brushes, “broken” starter bushings, loss of contact with the working winding, and others. While any driver can recharge the battery, not everyone can deal with the starter. For such a check, you need a multimeter and experience working with electrical equipment. Therefore, it is better to consult a specialist.
A vehicle that has problems with the ignition system may take a long time to start. The culprits may be spark plugs, a high voltage coil, or an electronic unit that supplies impulses to the coil. Checking and servicing spark plugs is available to owners, as well as diagnosing a high-voltage coil, but electronics require knowledge and special equipment.
Weak battery or oxidized terminals
The starter does not turn - this is another common problem. Its cause may be deposits or corrosion on the battery terminals or a dead battery.
Remember that the generator will not be able to charge the battery completely and from time to time it is advisable to charge it from the mains. This will help it not lose its capacity and increase its service life.
If you notice that the terminals have strange deposits on them, you should clean them and treat them with a special lubricant that will prevent a similar problem from occurring again.
INDEPENDENT DIAGNOSTICS IN THE GARAGE
If you have problems with the operation of the injection system, you should first diagnose the ECU. In this regard, the owners of the VAZ 2114 are more fortunate with the German VDO instrumentation - it has a self-diagnosis mode. On cars with a dashboard from Schetmash there is no such functionality.
VDO dashboard for VAZ 2114
Working with the self-diagnosis mode on the VDO panel is carried out according to the following algorithm:
- With the ignition off, hold the odometer button for several seconds;
- turn the ignition to position “1”, release the button;
- if the arrows start running on the display, everything is fine, press once (information message about the firmware version) and release, with a second press an error code will appear;
- You can reset the error by holding the button until “0” appears.
Injection problems that cause the car to stall can be indicated by the numbers 1 (ECU error), 14,15 (coolant sensor errors), 22, 23 (DPS errors), 33, 34 (MAF errors), 42 (ignition malfunction) , 44, 45 (lean or rich mixture). The disadvantage of self-diagnosis on the VAZ 2114 is that if there are several errors, the system sums up the codes. Thus, the number “22” may mean a TPS error or low on-board voltage and a coolant sensor error (8 + 14).
For more accurate diagnostics of the injector, you need to immediately contact a service center or purchase a diagnostic scanner (it costs about 1000 rubles).
If you have another car, you can find the problematic sensor by replacing the sensitive elements one by one with known good ones.
Bad ground on the engine
What to do if the VAZ 2114 starts and immediately stalls? It is worth checking the ground on the body and engine. The terminals there may oxidize or rust. Check their condition, if everything is normal, it is worth checking the wires for integrity.
An undercharged battery may be due to poor mass conductivity through the engine. To avoid such problems, after cleaning and checking, it is worth treating all connections with a special lubricant.
Other recommendations
If the frost is really severe, it makes sense to try to heat the frozen motor oil. There are many ways, but the safest one is the use of electric heaters. They need to be installed directly under the crankcase for at least half an hour. After this, most likely, the engine will still start.
With a dead battery, the car is unlikely to move, but this can also be solved if there are already running cars nearby. You should simply ask their drivers for permission to connect to the battery in order to start. In such a case, you should always have a pair of wires with “crocodiles” with you. Ground is connected first, and then “plus”. Everything is filmed the other way around. Otherwise, there is a chance of damaging the battery.
To prevent the battery from discharging too quickly, if possible, you should take it home at night or at least leave it warm.
Problems with the fuel supply system
Very often the VAZ 2114 8-valve injector does not start well in cold weather due to a malfunction of the fuel system. To check it and identify possible malfunctions, you will have to carry out diagnostics:
- Electric pump.
- Fuel filter.
- Fuel line.
Fuel pump VAZ 2114
You should start troubleshooting by inspecting the fuel pump. Checking it is quite simple - when turned on, it should buzz, which will indicate its operation. If no sound is heard, then the pump is faulty and will have to be replaced with a new one of a similar model.
The next common cause is clogging or destruction of the filter. Everything here is also simple - you just need to remove and inspect the filter and, if it is worn out, replace it with a new one.
If the filter, like the fuel pump, turns out to be working, you will have to measure the pressure inside the fuel line (for this, there are both special devices and entire testers that allow you to diagnose the entire fuel system. The simplest version of such a device costs just over 1,000 rubles). If the pressure in the line turns out to be normal, then you should think about other possible reasons.
Fuel filter VAZ 2114
Other reasons
It would seem that the bulk of probable malfunctions have already been listed, as well as methods for eliminating them. But it should be remembered that, in addition to problems with the fuel system and electrical systems, other factors can be the reasons for poor “grasping” of the engine. And the most common ones are bad fuel and unsuitable oil.
So, if you notice that the car has difficulty starting when cold, then try to refuel at other gas stations (preferably not just at others, but at gas stations from other companies). In some situations, this alone may be enough to solve the problem. The same applies to butter.
If summer oil is used in cold weather, this can also lead to poor engine performance at start-up. It is worth remembering this and always change the oil according to the current season.
Another source of trouble can be electronic sensors, and most often the crankshaft position sensor. It is he who transmits information to the controller, on the basis of which the ignition and fuel injection are controlled. It is very easy to find out about its malfunction - in this case, the check engine icon will light up on the dashboard. In order to check the condition of the sensor or replace it, you will have to contact the service department.
A faulty intake air volume sensor can cause no less trouble. Its breakdown can lead to serious problems with the ignition, including complete inability to start the car.
Clogged breather
If the car starts and stalls when cold, then perhaps the reason is a clogged breather. The problem occurs due to the high mileage of the car, the use of low-quality oils, or wear of the piston group.
An engine malfunction can be diagnosed using several points:
- Increased oil consumption. It is thrown out of the engine into the intake and exhaust;
- The spark plug electrodes become oily;
- Drives oil out of the engine under the seals and gaskets.
If obvious signs of malfunction are detected, minor repairs will be required. It is necessary to remove the engine valve cover and thoroughly clean it of oil and dirt. It is also worth blowing through all the channels to clean them. Then we put everything back together.
Why is the VAZ 2114 difficult to start?
For some reason, it seems that many drivers of this model will be interested in the question of why the VAZ 2114 does not start well . Finding the cause of this phenomenon is not as easy as it might seem at first. This is due to certain difficulties in troubleshooting in this model, since injection systems differ from carburetor systems. The algorithm for identifying possible problems will be built differently, adapting to the design features of the machine.
Engine starting
There are several fairly simple rules, following which you can relatively easily start your car engine in cold weather.
Before starting, you should, as they say, wake up the battery. To do this, just turn on the headlights on high beam for just a few minutes. Then, turning on the ignition, you need to wait 10-15 seconds. During this time, the fuel pump will have time to pump fuel into the injection engine. After this, they press the clutch - the starter turns a certain number of parts, and this action will reduce their number and reduce energy consumption.
Possible consequences of long starter operation
When the starter is turned for a long time, the greatest damage is caused to the battery and starter. The first one loses its charge very quickly. When starting the engine, the starter consumes a lot of current, so the battery consumes most of its charge, which is then (after the engine has been started) replenished by charging from the generator.
Bendix failure
Old and new Bendix
With each such idle start, voltage from the battery is supplied to the bendix, which begins to rotate the shaft until the engine starts. At this moment, the splines on the bendix are severely worn out, and the bearing may also crumble or hum.
In these cases, there is only one way out - replacing the starter with a new one.
The timing marks are off
Another problem that the engine on a VAZ 2114 is difficult to start can be a skipped timing belt. This happens when there is poor tension or excessive wear. A discrepancy of more than two teeth will be significantly noticeable in the operation of the motor.
To check the mechanism, it is enough to remove the timing belt protective cover. Afterwards we mark it and check it.
If a discrepancy is found, repairs will have to be made. It is better to contact a good service station with this problem.
When faced with the problem of poor cold starting with a VAZ 2114, you should not hope that normal warming up of the engine will help fix it. Cars of this brand are quite simple, and if any problem arises, it should be looked for in the mechanics, since there are not many electronic systems here.
