The majority of VAZ cars of the Samara family, and in particular the VAZ-2109, came off the assembly line with a carburetor power system, and only later a small series received injectors. The carburetor system has a simple design and is quite reliable, but its main component, the carburetor, requires periodic adjustment. The VAZ-2109 and other models of the family were equipped with Solex carburetors, characterized by a relatively simple adjustment technology that every car enthusiast can perform.
There are two main carburetor settings - the fuel level in the float chambers and the engine speed at idle (idle). These adjustments are carried out when the engine is unstable at idle and when certain symptoms of improper operation of the power system appear:
- The engine does not start well.
- The dynamics of speed gain have decreased.
- Dips appeared during intensive acceleration.
These problems indicate that the fuel level in the chamber is not normal.
Setting the fuel level
Adjusting the amount of fuel in the chambers of Solex carburetors is a simple procedure and does not require specialized equipment. Although in the factory this adjustment is performed using a special template, which simplifies and speeds up the work. But at home you can do without this template. To carry out adjustment work yourself you need:
- screwdrivers (phillips, flat);
- ruler (preferably a caliper);
- round rod with a diameter of 2 mm (wire or drill will do).
With such equipment you can quickly complete all work.
How to set up the carburetor correctly on a VAZ 2109?
The nominal speed of the VAZ 2109 engine must correspond to
750-800 rpm. Adjusting the XX carburetor is necessary to economically maintain engine operation while parked and to warm up as quickly as possible before driving. Without this, the device will not work. Table from those. carburetor characteristics does not have such data. This must be done according to the following instructions, which contain the XX norm. The results and adjustment scheme are stable speeds.
This procedure is carried out if there are problems with the engine or once every six months in accordance with the regulations on technical maintenance of the VAZ 2109. You only need to spend 3-4 minutes on it. The engine warms up to operating temperature using choke or using the accelerator pedal. Next, remove the choke and fully tighten the quality screw. Most likely, the engine will stall. Now the screw is unscrewed exactly three turns and the engine starts again.
Using the quantity adjusting screw, sets the speed
650-700 rpm. Now turn the quality screw until you get the highest possible idle speed. Again we set the number of revolutions equal to the nominal one. Now we need to rotate the quality again until we get maximum speed. You can regulate this way for a long time.
Now roll up the quantity to
800 rpm This adjustment is considered correct. If this was not achieved the first time, you need to repeat the procedure again. It is worth recalling that the entire procedure is performed with the headlights on low beam and the stove operating at maximum mode. This is due to the fact that when the voltage drops, the speed drops, so when using these consumers, the speed should be nominal, and when turned off it should increase slightly.
The quality and quantity screw on the carburetor of the Lada 2109 car is located at the rear of the unit. In this regard, adjustment becomes more complicated. Although, it becomes more difficult to regulate, but not as often as on a Zhiguli.
Excellent video on fine-tuning the Solex carburetor on a VAZ 2109
What to do if there is no idle speed on the carburetor nine
Recommended Method
Level control technology includes a number of stages:
- We dismantle the housing of the air filter element. To do this, unscrew the fastening nut of the housing cover, unclip the latches, remove the cover, take out the filter and tighten the 4 nuts that secure the housing to the carburetor.
- Raise the body and disconnect the rubber pipes. We move the body to the side.
- Loosen the clamps securing the fuel pipes going to the carburetor and disconnect them.
- Remove the wire suitable for the idle speed solenoid valve;
- Disconnect the drive cable of the air damper (the “choke” handle);
- Unscrew the 5 screws securing the carburetor cover;
- Having removed the cover, we immediately determine the fuel level in the chambers by lowering a ruler or caliper into one of them until it stops (using its depth gauge). If the measurement shows a level of 25-26 mm, it corresponds to the norm and no adjustment is required;
If the amount of fuel in the chamber is lower or higher than normal, we perform a visual inspection and a series of measurements on the floats, and if necessary, we correct their position.
To carry out adjustment work, place the removed carburetor cover on a flat horizontal surface with the floats facing up.
First, we look at the position of the elements from above. The outer side surfaces of the floats are parallel to the special imprints on the gasket. Deviations can cause the floats to touch adjacent elements and surfaces, causing the fuel level to be incorrect. If necessary, adjust the position of the floats by bending their mounting arms. The next step is to measure the gap between the floats and the gasket. A rod with a diameter of 2 mm is useful here - this is how much the specified gap should be.
If it does not correspond, we bend the tongue of the floats, with which they act on the locking needle. After this adjustment, we check the total height of the floats, which is normally 34 mm. If this is not the case, check the gap again, adjust it if necessary and measure the height again.
The last stage of setup is determining the working stroke of the floats. To do this, place a caliper near the float, mark the distance from its lower corner to the surface of the cover, then lift the float with your hand and mark where the lower corner is.
A working stroke of 15 mm is considered normal; if it differs, it is adjusted by bending the tongue.
Setting up the “nine” carburetor
In addition to adjusting the crankshaft speed (when the power unit is operating without load, that is, in idle mode), on the VAZ 2109 you can independently adjust the fuel level in the float chambers. Adjustment procedures are used as needed in the following cases:
- when the engine begins to “float” at idle speed;
- the engine starts reluctantly, many attempts are required;
- when you press the gas sharply, the acceleration dynamics do not meet expectations;
- During acceleration of the WTO, failures in the operation of the motor are observed.
Each of the above symptoms indicates that the problem most likely lies in abnormal carburetor operation. In approximately half of the cases, it is due to a fuel level violation.
Alternative way
There is a simpler method for determining the correct position of the floats, which does not require measurements. Place the carburetor cover on a flat table and look at the stampings made on the side surfaces. When the floats are in a normally adjusted position, these strips are parallel to the lid.
Then we lift the floats up and look at their bottom, which after lifting should be parallel to the surface of the lid. If necessary, adjust the position of the floats by bending the tongue.
After adjustment work, we assemble the carburetor.
Idle speed adjustment
The second setting of the VAZ-2109 carburetor is idle speed, it can be partial or full. The first is for minor speed adjustments, the second is for adjusting the amount of air (setting CO emissions in the exhaust gases).
Partial adjustment is performed using the air-fuel mixture “amount” screw. This screw sets the opening angle of the throttle valves, which ensures that the air-fuel mixture enters the cylinders when the accelerator pedal is released. The “quantity” screw rests on the throttle valve control lever and when screwed in, it pushes the lever, causing the valves to open slightly.
Partial idle adjustment is performed with a warm engine and creating a load on the vehicle's on-board network by turning on the high beam headlights and the interior heater at full power. The adjustment is carried out with the engine running by screwing in/unscrewing the “quantity” screw until the optimal idle speed is established, which for the VAZ-2109 is 800-900 rpm (this can be tracked using a standard or plug-in tachometer).
If it is not possible to set the required speed or the motor operates unstably at it, a complete adjustment is made, which is made by two screws - “quantity” and “quality”.
The algorithm for this adjustment consists of the following stages:
- Warm up the engine and then turn it off;
- We find the quality screw (it may be closed with a plug that will have to be removed), screw it in until it stops, and then unscrew it 3-4 full turns;
- We start the engine, turn on electrical consumers (lighting and stove) to create a load in the on-board network;
- By rotating the “quantity” screw, we achieve 700-800 rpm on the tachometer;
- By turning the “quality” screw, we set the maximum possible speed (they will increase to a certain level, and then stop. The moment the speed increase stops is considered the maximum);
- We set the “quantity” screw to 900 rpm;
- Using the “quality” screw we lower them to 800 rpm;
- We slowly tighten the “quality” screw until interruptions appear in the operation of the power plant, after which we unscrew it back 1 turn;
- We adjust the speed with the “quantity” screw, bringing it to a normal value - 800-900 rpm;
After the adjustment operations, we check that they were carried out correctly. This is done by sharply pressing the gas pedal and then quickly releasing it. With a properly configured carburetor, the engine should respond quickly to pressure, without any failures or hesitations. And after releasing the pedal, the speed will drop to the idle level, without sags or instability of the engine.
Replacing the carburetor for VAZ 2109
Installing a VAZ 2109 carburetor to replace the old one is a separate issue. What can replace the good old Solex? You have 2 options to choose from:
- DAAZ.
- Weber carburetor.
What will be the difference? If you are looking for a good carburetor, then Weber is definitely your choice, but it is extremely difficult to install it in the nine, and even more difficult to repair, since there are practically no spare parts for it on the market.
DAAZ is generally a lottery; if you are lucky, it will work for many years without failures, and if not, it will have to be replaced almost immediately. Which carburetor is better to install on a VAZ? Still, the majority of Nine owners decide to install a Weber, and not just one, but two or even four at a time.
