According to the current European classification, middle-class cars occupy an intermediate position between types C and E. Strange as it may seem, class d is really average in its parameters. A characteristic feature of class D cars is that in terms of their parameters, such as geometric dimensions, engine power, dynamic driving performance, etc., they are superior to class C cars, but in terms of comfort they are inferior to more expensive class E cars.
Features of this type
The information provided makes it possible to understand that although the characteristics of class D cars, in particular in length and width, exceed class C (their length is up to 4.3, width up to 1.8 meters), they are not able to provide completely comfortable conditions in the back seat. However, for a d class car several features can be noted:
- they are developed and constantly modernized, outdated models are replaced by newer ones with better consumer properties;
- the middle class provides a large selection of different types of car body, which allows us to consider it the most optimal type of vehicle;
- For the first time for various types of cars, D-class cars have the opportunity to choose - the owner of such a car can act as the driver of this high-speed and dynamic vehicle or with (relative) comfort occupy the back seat as a passenger. Thus, we can talk about the emergence of a division of d class cars into ordinary and elite subgroups.
In addition, it was already noted above that cars of this group, in the process of modernization, increase their size, approaching the top-level models. This is also clear. In terms of sales volume in Europe, the d class ranks third, and it is not surprising that cars in this segment will begin to act as a means of demonstrating the condition of its owner, as an indicator of his well-being and ability to earn money.
Audi A6 - successful update and increased demand
Among the most important moments in the development of the German automobile market is the regular and frequent updating of the Audi model range. The cars of this company turn out to be one of the most popular from Germany, because their prices do not reach those of real luxury cars, but with their quality they clearly fall into this class.
Among the important features of the current generation Audi A6 are its incredible corporate design and amazing technical features. Today sales of the updated sedan, which only saw the world in September 2014, are just beginning. The car features are as follows:
- incredible appearance based on the corporation's new design concept;
- an order of magnitude more space in the cabin with premium trim;
- improving the quality and level of the car at all components;
- use of an updated line of engines with branded turbines;
- new technologies in the suspension that make driving a car more comfortable;
- proprietary control and driver assistance systems that make the A6 a safe and very comfortable car.
The base 1.8 TFSI engine produces an incredible 190 horsepower and offers excellent fuel consumption. Among the gasoline counterparts of this unit, we can highlight the 252-horsepower 2.0 TFSI, 2.8 FSI with 220 horsepower and 3.0 TFSI with a potential of 333 horsepower. There is also a 3.0 TDI diesel engine with 245 horsepower. All but the base model come with Quattro all-wheel drive and an incredible array of technology. Prices for the Audi A6 start at 1.81 million rubles. And after the first acquaintance with the car, this figure ceases to seem too high.
What are the cars from this group?
You can try to create a somewhat generalized image of cars included in the d class. Specific models of cars belonging to this type will be given later, but now let’s try in general terms to simply understand what an average car is.
Body, interior
Its perception will be different in different parts of the world. As already noted, its sales volume in Europe is twenty-three percent, but it is sold not only in Europe. For America, with its passion for big cars, the d class has a somewhat ambivalent position and perception. The European average (in the understanding of the classification, and not as an average image) car is smaller in size than the American one, but more expensive, while they are rated as prestigious, but not gluttonous. In general, they give the impression of expensive cars with elements of luxury, without unnecessary costs, but also without obvious primitivism.
Engine
Some d class models, such as the BMW 3 Series and Mercedes-Benz C, use a classic longitudinal engine arrangement, which results in an enlarged engine compartment, resulting in a smaller interior. But otherwise, the six-cylinder engine that these companies have is not located in the engine compartment.
However, most cars have a transverse engine and are front-wheel drive, although a significant part of them are also made in all-wheel drive. The engine that is usually installed in the middle class car is a four-cylinder in-line, but there are also some cars with a V-shaped six (except for the previously mentioned BMW and Mercedes).
This approach is quite explainable and understandable. For such machines, engine power is of great importance, so manufacturers have to increase their “liter” power. And for four-cylinder engines, as the volume increases, the level of vibration created also increases, which is unacceptable for reasons of comfort. One of the best engines in this regard is the six-cylinder power unit. Therefore, it is not surprising that it is used for cars of this type. In addition, European and Japanese D class cars are equipped with diesel engines.
Chassis
Another feature of such cars is the use of both manual and automatic transmissions in the model range. To obtain the required level of comfort, much attention is paid to the suspension, while also ensuring good handling of the car. Therefore, multi-link suspension is most often used.
Classification of cars by body
All body variations are divided into closed and open-top. The latter are rarely found in Russia and the CIS countries, but are popular in countries with a warm climate or a high standard of living, when owners keep several cars for different life situations (work, leisure, entertainment).
Division into categories of cars by body class:
- sedan, including two-door;
- hatchback, 3 or 5 doors;
- liftback, a practical combination of sedan and hatchback;
- station wagon, characterized by a two-volume design without a horizontally protruding trunk.
- minivan, often has a half-hood layout, increased capacity and interior volume.
The expanded passenger vehicle classification system also includes other body modifications, such as pickup, coupe, convertible, roadster, and hardtop. But we will not consider them due to the small number on our roads.
Sedan - an inverted “trough”
Dead Latin is widely used not only in medicine and pharmacy, but also in the automotive industry, both to identify brands (Audi, Volvo, Infiniti, Lexus) and to designate specific designs. The familiar and sonorous word “sedan” among the ancient Romans meant an ordinary trough with wide end edges instead of handles. And indeed, if you turn the Roman sedan upside down, you can easily guess the profile of a three-volume sedan body with a hood, a protruding interior, and a horizontal trunk lid. It is considered the most representative, stylish and practical due to symmetry, a clear division of volume according to functionality, and the absence of design restrictions in the exterior and interior. Suffice it to say that a classic limousine is also a sedan.
Hatchback – rear door to the salon
This class includes cars with a shorter rear overhang compared to a sedan and a sloping or vertical trunk lid, which, when opened, provides additional access to the interior. The lines of the rear window and bumper practically coincide, determining the dimensions of the car. Thanks to the compact base and improved aerodynamics, they are perfect for city maneuvering, high-speed driving on the highway and dirt roads. For example, six-time world rally champion Sebastien Ogier won all the titles in Volkswagen Polo, Toyota Yaris, and Ford Fiesta hatchbacks.
Liftback – hatchback with a sedan body
A practical and beautiful body that visually matches the sedan due to the trunk protrusion. But the lid has an angular shape and is connected to the rear glass. When opened, the driver receives a full-fledged large trunk, access to the interior and the most convenient conditions for loading due to the highly raised edge of the lid. The effectiveness of this technology can be easily seen from the enormous popularity of the Skoda Octavia (types 1Z and 5E). When the seats are folded, the trunk volume is a class-record 1,580 liters.
Station wagon - a car for all occasions
It is a cargo-passenger body type with a large rear overhang similar to a sedan to increase the trunk. Loading through a vertical or slightly sloping rear door, allowing full access to the interior like a hatchback.
Important!
Jeeps are station wagons with increased ground clearance and increased cross-country ability. When creating crossovers, a branded base for a station wagon or hatchback is often used.
Minivan – even more passengers
It has a high, often one-dimensional design, a third row of seats, and a rear door for access to the trunk. The name consists of two English words “mini” - small and “van” - van. An excellent option for a spacious family car. Often called a station wagon with increased capacity (no more than 9 people). Occupies an intermediate place between utility vehicles and minibuses.
About some models
If you try to compile any list of cars belonging to the type in question, it will include cars from almost all manufacturers. Here, too, everything is clear - not a single manufacturer can ignore such a large market segment. It should be noted that in many cases the cars have the same basic equipment. Without touching on technical details, we can simply consider, as an example, some cars inherent in this type.
BMW third series
If we take the list of cars produced in this class, then BMW third series cars will occupy one of the leading positions in it. It is distinguished by a powerful and excellent engine, excellent dynamics and handling, and high-quality finishing.
Mercedes-Benz C
Mercedes cars have always acted as competitors to BMW, and everything that was previously said about BMW can rightfully be attributed to Mercedes.
Volkswagen Passat
When considering middle-class cars, one cannot ignore such a representative as the VW Passat, which, despite all its good driving characteristics and safety, is distinguished by its excellent capacity. All of the above cars are shown solely as an example to get an idea of what a class D car is; their inherent technical features are discussed above.
According to the European classification, an average d type car is considered a full-fledged car and is considered the most optimal vehicle for transporting passengers , both in terms of consumer characteristics and capacity.
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Rating of the best luxury cars of 2021
Office class B is characterized by a number of features.
- Most often, its location is not so advantageous.
- Such premises may also not be located in specialized office complexes (previously it was some other residential or industrial building).
- The range of services is somewhat limited.
- The decoration of the premises is made of high-quality, but inexpensive materials.
- Such buildings have parking, but, for example, it can be located in the open air.
These are economy class premises that have a significantly lower rental cost. In general, such offices meet all the requirements of international norms and standards, but their characteristics are somewhat limited.
