Replacing valve stem seals on a VAZ 2106

The valve stem seals on the VAZ 2106 are replaced after approximately 30,000 kilometers. If it is not there, then it is still better to replace it after 2-3 years, because the caps dry out from old age. Find out how to replace the caps on 2106 in the article.

At the moment, in stores you can find silicone valve stem seals, which in terms of their characteristics are much better than rubber ones. Nobody talks about their durability, it's all about the elasticity of silicone. This is very important in Russian winter conditions, especially if the engine is not equipped with a pre-heater.

Replacing the VAZ-2106 valve stem seals should be carried out directly on the vehicle, which greatly simplifies and can speed up the work. Performing these actions does not require removing and then replacing the timing block element. It is enough to park the car in a place that is protected from dust, dirt and precipitation.

Apply the handbrake and place the gearshift lever in the neutral position.

To replace oil seals on a VAZ-2106 car, you need to have a set of new oil seals and a new gasket for the timing cover, a set of open-end wrenches and some equipment.

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We adjust valves of VAZ 2106

Owners of classic cars designed during the Soviet period often have to deal with the issue of repairing and tuning their car. Due to the high popularity and fairly strong density of cars on the roads of that time, some repair procedures and tuning operations remain quite relevant.

The design difference between classic cars and products of the modern automotive industry is the need to manually adjust many parameters.

The valve adjustment procedure on the VAZ 2106 is necessary for a number of specific reasons. The main reason is the significant heating of the power unit during operation. The laws of physics state that during heating there is a linear increase in the size of solids.

One of the most important elements that require adjustment under operating conditions is the gas distribution mechanism. The key element of this mechanism is the valve.

Valves are usually divided into intake and exhaust; they are responsible for opening access for the penetration of the air-fuel mixture into the working combustion chamber through special windows in the cylinder head. They are also responsible for the release of exhaust gases.

At the point of contact of the valve, a gap is formed, which is usually called thermal. It is this gap that is subject to careful adjustment.

Valve adjustment gauges

The result of incorrect valve adjustment is an increase in fuel consumption and a noticeable decrease in the power characteristics of the power unit.

Replacing valve stem seals for VAZ 2106

Seeing bluish smoke from the exhaust pipe of a VAZ 2106, the owner automatically begins to remember the last time he changed the oil scraper rings and rebuilt the piston. Then the budget for major repairs is automatically calculated, which always comes unexpectedly, like snow in January. But there is no need to rush. Most likely, the reason is different - in the valve stem seals.

How does valve seal wear manifest?

Valve seals, or valve stem seals, are designed to ensure that the oil that lubricates the gas distribution mechanism does not enter the combustion chamber. Valve bushings cannot ensure tightness on their own, so they are fitted with seals made of high-quality soft rubber with an oil scraper edge, which prevent oil from penetrating the valve stem into the cylinder.

Oil entering the combustion chamber in large quantities causes characteristic blue smoke from the exhaust pipe. Oil scraper rings may also be to blame for this, but if the engine smokes during a cold start, and the smoke disappears when warmed up, then we can say with one hundred percent certainty that the valve seals have outlived their usefulness.

Another sign of oil seal failure is increased oil consumption and greasy deposits on the spark plugs.

Tools and accessories for replacing caps

Replacing the valve stem seals of a VAZ 2106 is no different from the same work on engines of the entire classic VAZ series. To carry out the work, we do not need to remove the head, much less the engine. Therefore, we will do all the work ourselves with a minimum amount of tools and a minimum amount of time. It is advisable to carry out the work in a garage, under normal lighting and without excess dust - after all, we open the engine.

We will need, in addition to the usual set of keys:

torque wrench;
tweezers;
set of heads with a knob;
valve puller;
a mandrel for shrinking the oil seal onto the bushing.

During the repair process, if necessary, we will illustrate some points, to the extent possible, but nothing complicated is expected in the process. Almost. To compress the springs, we will use a special puller with a lever, although you can do without it if you know all the intricacies of the process.

Replacing caps

We will begin replacing the valve seals by providing access to the cylinder head; further actions will be performed step by step, without breaking the sequence.

We remove the air filter cover, the filter itself and its housing, after covering the carburetor diffuser with a rag so that nothing gets into the intake manifold. Otherwise you will have to remove the block head.
Remove the timing cover and align the mark on the camshaft drive sprocket with the mark on the camshaft housing so that the pistons of cylinders 1 and 4 are at top dead center. They will prevent the valve from falling into the cylinder when we remove the spring.
Loosen the chain tensioner by about half a turn, loosen the sprocket mounting bolt without unscrewing it completely.
Using a screwdriver, press the plane of the chain tensioner and tighten the cap nut until it stops, after which you can unscrew the sprocket mounting bolt. We remove the sprocket, carefully tying it with wire to any convenient stud or to the hood spring.
Unscrew the nuts securing the camshaft housing, remove it and unscrew the spark plug on the 1st cylinder. Then remove the drive levers by snapping the spring clip.
We unscrew the adjusting bolt and fix the puller stop in its place, as shown in the figure.
We insert any suitable sized rod into the hole for the spark plug - plastic, wood or very soft metal to fix the valve in the seat.
Using a puller, we compress the spring, and using tweezers, remove the crackers mating the valve stem and the spring support plate.
Remove the crackers, springs and support washers. The valve must remain closed.
Carefully remove the old valve seal using pliers. Be extra careful not to chip off the edge of the valve sleeve - it is made of brittle cermet.
Lubricate the fresh oil seal with clean oil and carefully place it on the valve stem, seating it as tightly as possible on the bushing. For tighter shrinkage, a cap mandrel will be required.
We assemble the valve drive mechanism in the reverse order and move on to the next valve.

Causes and results of wear of valve stem seals on VAZ 2107/2106.

The purpose of the valve stem seals is to prevent excess engine oil from entering the engine combustion chamber. The cap should fit snugly against the valve and allow only the small amount of oil through that is necessary to lubricate it. The caps are made of special rubber, but over time, the edge of the valve stem cap wears out, deteriorates, the rubber ages, loses elasticity and peels off from the base. As a result, the cap begins to let oil through and it begins to get under the valve.

Leaking oil burns on hot valves , as a result of which carbon deposits build up on the internal walls of the engine, the cross-section of the intake and exhaust channels narrows, and the engine loses power. During active use of the engine, carbon deposits begin to fall off, its particles clog the seat and working chamfer of the valve, as a result, the fit of the valves is disrupted, the engine begins to operate intermittently and stalls. Another outcome is valve burnout, which leads to failure and replacement of VAZ 2107/2106 valves.

How to make your own devices

It is convenient to use a special device, since there is no need to hold it with your hands; it holds the springs compressed with a bolt. If you don’t have such a device, you can make it yourself. To do this, it is enough to have two steel square bars 10x10 mm, 300 mm long. They need to be fastened at three points, at the ends and in the middle, so that there is a gap of 12 mm between them, like rails, then the price will be much cheaper. So:

You can attach it in any way; bolts, clamps, welding, in the fastening points between the rods you need to place metal plates 12 mm thick, which will provide the necessary gap between the rods.
The valve stem will fit into the gap when the springs are released. To install valves, instead of a mandrel, you can use a steel tube 120 mm long, with an internal diameter of 14 mm, and a copper washer with a hole matched to the rim of the cap.

Preliminary preparation

Before starting work, it is advisable to watch the video, replacing valve stem seals on a VAZ 2106; you definitely need to thoroughly wipe the surface of the upper part of the block and the head cover. For convenience, you need to remove the air filter housing. Cover the carburetor with film or cloth to prevent dirt from entering during operation. Unscrew the spark plugs, remove the cover with the gasket.

Set the fourth cylinder to top dead center on the compression stroke. To do this, the crankshaft rotates to a position where the intake and exhaust valves of the fourth cylinder remain closed before and after the piston passes TDC. This is determined by the clearance between the valve and the rocker arm.
The position of the piston is determined by measuring with any rod through the spark plug hole. Check the alignment of the marks on the sprocket and the housing.

Checking whether labels match

Use a screwdriver to bend the lock washer using a 17 mm spanner. Loosen, but do not unscrew, the nut securing the sprocket to the camshaft.
Using a 13 mm spanner, unscrew the cap nut securing the tensioner two turns.
Free up the chain as much as possible.
Unscrew the nut completely and carefully remove the sprocket from the camshaft axis.
To prevent the chain from falling off the sprocket, you need to tie it with wire and hang it together with the sprocket on the edge of the cylinder block.

Disassembly sequence

Unscrew the nine nuts holding the camshaft housing and remove it along with the shaft.
Using a screwdriver, lift the pressure spring, pull out the pressure lever with a little force, push the spring out from under the stopper and pull it out.
A soft wire is tightly inserted through the spark plug hole between the piston bottom and the valve so that the valve does not fall when the springs are pressed. The higher the part of the rod into which the fixing nuts are inserted, the less the springs will need to be pressed to install them.

Attention! It is not allowed to hold the valves with hard objects; there is a risk of scratching the piston or cylinder.

A nut is screwed onto the camshaft housing mounting stud closest to the valve, as in the photo, to which a special puller or the end of a homemade device clings with a grip. It covers the stud on both sides, rests against the lower plane of the nut and rests on the upper plate of the springs.
The valve stem with crackers is passed between the rods of the device.

Repair procedure

First of all, you need to get to the valve stem seals. We unscrew the cover nuts from the block head, do not forget to put the washers in a separate place so as not to lose them.
We turn the crankshaft and carefully watch when the marks on the cover coincide with the marks on the camshaft sprocket. This position will ensure the safety of the valves after removing the crackers.
Unscrew the camshaft bearings. Fixing the sprocket and chain can save you from a lot of problems, because they love to fall into the engine crankcase and ruin the rest of the day.
The piston in the first cylinder has reached top dead center. Now is the time to dismantle the spark plug and remove the spring. After this, move the lever to the side.
The adjusting bolt must be loosened, then a spring puller must be installed.
We insert a rod or tube made of soft metal into the hole of the candle, this will protect the valves from falling.
We take out the cracker and press the spring until the crackers appear. Sometimes they get stuck and need to be released by lightly tapping them.
Remove the springs, valve plates and washers.
We fix the valve with a clamp and remove the obsolete oil seal. You can help the process by lightly tapping the hammer.
Before the procedure, lubricate the new valve stem seal with engine oil. We put protective caps on all new oil seals, which should be included in the kit. This will protect the valve surface from scratches during the pressing process. Pressing is done with the same desiccant, only on the other side.
Repeat the same steps on the remaining valves. It is important to remember to crank the crankshaft before working on the second and third cylinders.

After installing the new, elastic and sealed valve stem seals, reassemble everything in the reverse order. If everything worked out correctly, you can be happy with yourself! The repair has been completed.

Replacing valve stem seals

Signs by which you can determine the wear of the valve stem seals on a VAZ 2101 car are an increase in oil consumption, the appearance of bluish smoke when revving up, when the engine starts, when starting at intersections. If the replacement of valve stem seals on a VAZ 2101 is made from other brands of cars, then it is necessary to take into account:

So that the diameters of the valve stem and the seating belt of the guide bushing match.
The height of the new element should be no more than the “original” one up to 0.5 millimeters, otherwise, with the largest stroke of the valve, the cap may be damaged by the spring plate.
The cap should not be too large in diameter so that it can move freely inside the valve spring. This is especially necessary to take into account if there are two springs on the valve. Then, the outer diameter of the cap is limited by the inner diameter of the spring.
The lengths of the cap seat and the guide sleeve should be close in size. If it has a short belt, the part may be damaged by the edge of the sleeve when installing the cap “deeply” on the sleeve. In addition, the latter can press the edge of the element away from the valve stem, which can break the seal.
The internal profile of the cap must be carefully examined. Often parts that do not have a reinforcing sleeve have an annular protrusion on the inner seating surface. When installing a cap on a smooth bushing, a large amount of tension must be created, and the protrusion can damage the cap or the part will come off the bushing.
The year of manufacture of the engines whose products need to be replaced, and those from which they are planned to be used, is taken into account.

Signs of failure of valve seals on VAZ 2107, VAZ 2106.

Typically, the oil seal replacement interval is 80,000 kilometers. Only timely identification of a malfunction and its elimination will prevent major repairs of the engine. Let's look at the main signs of wear on valve stem seals:

High oil consumption and the subsequent need to add more than a liter of oil per 10,000 km is the first sign of wear on the oil scraper rings and/or valve stem seals. The limit is considered to be oil consumption from the “max” mark to the “min” mark per 1000 km for gasoline engines.
Smoke exhaust color. Color serves as an important diagnostic sign and directly indicates malfunctions in the engine. Smoke from the exhaust pipe can be white, black, blue and other shades, depending on the additives in the fuel and the type of fuel itself. White smoke on a warm VAZ 2106/2107 engine is a reliable sign of wear on the valve stem seals or burnout of the engine piston oil rings.
Carbon deposits on spark plugs. This sign determines that the oil seals have worn out and/or a “rich mixture” of air is being supplied to the carburetor. Eliminated by replacing valve seals and/or cleaning the carburetor and repairing the engine ECU.
Sticking engine valves. Sticking engine valves can be caused by worn oil seals, low-quality fuel and oil, as well as irregular oil replacement. Another reason may be a long pause in engine operation and overheating.

How to install new caps

On VAZ-2106 cars, the valve stem seals are replaced independently using a simple plastic device. It must be placed on the top of the valve stem to cover the recesses on it. In this case, you will not have to remove the springs from the valve seals. The work is carried out according to the following algorithm:

Install the plastic bushing on the valve.
Lubricate the auxiliary bushing and valve stem with engine oil.
Push the oil seal on until it stops.
Remove the plastic sleeve.
Using a “10” tubular wrench or a large mandrel, you need to hammer in the cap.
Install the support washer, spring and plate.
Install the valve depressurizer and compress the spring.
Put the crackers in place, and then release the desiccant.
This completes the replacement of the VAZ-2106 valve stem seals. If necessary, you need to double-check all gaps and correct them. Assembly of the entire assembly is carried out in the reverse order of removal.