How to install a turbine on a naturally aspirated engine: video

Types of boilers

It’s worth starting with a brief analysis of the main types of boilers in order to understand the system of their operation and the appropriateness of installation in a particular home.

Wall and floor

It is this specification that determines not only the mounting location of the boiler, but also its shape, weight and capabilities.

Floor boiler. It differs in that its weight can reach 100 kg, installation requires a lot of space (pipe outlet, installation of a pump, taps) and the installation itself is quite complex, and therefore more expensive. In addition to installation difficulties, the problem is that most floor-standing boilers do not have the additional “boiler” function, that is, they do not heat up the water for supply to the mixers, they make quite a lot of noise during operation, and the chimney requires regular cleaning not only of soot, but also and from various garbage. Considering the positive aspects, it is worth saying that floor-standing boilers are many times more powerful than wall-mounted ones, and more durable. Therefore, if you need a powerful boiler without unnecessary electronics, then it is better to choose a floor-standing option.

Wall-mounted boiler. The heater has smaller dimensions than a floor heater and weighs about 50 kg. Such units are mainly double-circuit, that is, they replace your gas water heater or boiler. The wall-mounted version is easier to install and takes up much less space, and the ability to exhaust “exhausts” not only through a chimney, but also directly through the wall allows you to install the unit in almost any convenient place, complying with the requirements.

On a note! Wall-mounted and floor-standing boilers can be either single-circuit or double-circuit. The location of the unit does not in any way affect the number of circuits.

However, not everything is so smooth. The presence of a large amount of electronics makes such a boiler dependent on it. That is, if something burns out in the boiler, you will be left without heating. As a rule, such boilers cost several times more, and their repair can amount to up to 1/3 of the cost of a new unit. It is advisable to install a wall-mounted heater in small apartments or houses where there is no extra space for installing a heavy floor-standing boiler and related parts.

Single-circuit and double-circuit

Single-circuit and double-circuit boilers differ in the tasks they can perform. So, for example, a double-circuit boiler (following the name) performs two tasks: it heats the room and heats water to be supplied to the mixer.

Single-circuit

performs only one standard function - heating.

Double-circuit boiler

, in addition to the standard function, makes it possible to obtain hot water for various needs, but it cannot be called a full-fledged “boiler”. The fact is that the pressure of water that passes through the unit must be very strong for the system to work. Therefore, such a boiler needs to be installed near the bathroom and kitchen.

A single-circuit boiler does not give you the additional function of a boiler, however, it costs several times less. The operating system of such a unit is simple, which means that if it breaks down it will be easier to repair. In addition to a single-circuit boiler, you can install an indirect heating boiler

, which can run on various fuels (gas, electricity, solid fuel), be floor-mounted or wall-mounted.

It works as follows: a central heating system is connected to the boiler (in a small circle); A flask with water is installed inside the unit, through which a coil passes. Hot water passing through the coil heats the water inside the boiler, and it can be used for personal purposes. When the heating is turned off, the taps at the inlet and outlet of the central heating pipes are closed, and the water in the boiler is heated using gas, electricity or solid fuel.

For more information on the structure and difference between single-circuit and double-circuit boilers, watch the video

What you need to know when installing a turbine on an atmospheric engine

Which engine is better, naturally aspirated or turbocharged?
Here's what you need to install a turbo on a naturally aspirated car.

Somehow I wondered what it would take to install a turbine on my car, which had a regular 2.5 liter naturally aspirated diesel engine. After asking my friends for advice and surfing the forums, I came to the conclusion that this idea can be implemented, but the increase in power will not at all correspond to the monetary costs that lie ahead of me in implementing this adventure. Well, if you install a large turbine with high boost pressure, then you generally need a cart and a small cart of money, since the gearbox, transmission elements, drives and even brakes automatically fall under replacement.

With the subsequent acquisition of a car, such ideas also came to me, but the most important “but” this time was the inevitable reduction in the service life of the 1.8 liter gasoline engine this time.

However, reading forums on the Runet and in the foreign segment of the Internet, one can easily come to the conclusion that this topic remains popular among tuning fans who do not stop because of the time and money spent, they are not even afraid of that the engine may fail. For these guys, the main thing is speed and creating something new based on the existing technical foundation. A commendable sense of adventure, to say the least.

Just four days ago, www.popularmechanics.com posted an Engineering Explained video with Jason Fenske, which explained the basics of installing a turbine on a naturally aspirated engine.

Today we will not delve into the technical details of this event, but will only publish a video (instructions for turning on subtitles translated into Russian will be placed at the end of the news), for those who want to learn more about how to install a turbine on an atmospheric engine next Friday we will write a detailed article.

For now, let’s repeat the five main points that need to be taken into account when installing a turbine on a non-turbocharged engine:

1. Purchase a turbine that matches the characteristics of this type of engine
2. Install new engine fuel components, which include a fuel pump, a high-pressure pump, if any, and more efficient fuel injectors. The video also discusses the need to use high-octane fuel if it is intended to significantly increase engine power.
3. If an ECU is present, it will also need to be replaced or recalibrated to properly power the engine.
4. Additionally, you will need to replace the sensors responsible for the operation of the engine in certain operating modes, install an intercooler, replace spark plugs with a different type, install a spacer between the head and the engine block to reduce compression, or use special pistons also designed to reduce compression.
5. And finally, the fifth main point, you need to find good experienced craftsmen, professionals who will install all this stuff and correctly calibrate it.

Briefly, these were the main tips presented in the video. We will write more about turbine installation next week. See you soon!

How to enable subtitles.

1. Open settings in the lower right corner and turn on English subtitles

2. Go back to the settings - subtitles and click "Translate"

Installing a turbine on a naturally aspirated engine

The love of speed cannot always be combined with the ability to provide this speed. Quite weak naturally aspirated engines do not allow you to fully enjoy the rapid start and acceleration, and constantly turning the engine to the limit significantly reduces its service life. Installing a turbine on a naturally aspirated engine will provide a significant increase in power and will make it possible to turn an ordinary car from Tolyatti into a high-speed car.

What is a turbo engine and how does a turbocharged engine work?

What does naturally aspirated engine mean?

In simple terms, the job of a turbine is that a turbocharger draws in air, compresses it, and then delivers the compressed air into your engine's intake manifold. This dense, oxygenated, pressurized air is then rushed into the combustion chamber as the piston makes its downward movement. With more oxygen entering the engine at a higher speed, more fuel can be burned in the same amount of time. And by burning more fuel, you get more energy. Power increases, the car becomes more responsive to pressing the gas pedal.

However, this is only one part of the supercharging process. The second, no less important stage is initiated after the completion of the combustion cycle. Hot exhaust gases rush through the exhaust manifold at high speed and exit the combustion chamber through the exhaust port. As they move along a certain section of the exhaust channel (this distance varies for different cars, but as a general rule, the smaller it is, the more power is given to the turbine), the gases meet the turbocharger blades and begin to rotate the turbine wheel due to very high pressure and, of course, flow speed.

The rotating compressor wheel draws in a new cool portion of atmospheric air from the opposite side of the turbine using similar blades, starting the process all over again.

It's not a complicated process, but it might be hard to imagine for a beginner, so take a look at this diagram:

Everything works at first glance like clockwork, but there is one small problem with the delivery process: cool atmospheric air heats up during compression, the heat takes away power from your engine.

Engineers have long ago resolved this discrepancy. Compressed air must be cooled before entering the intake manifold. To do this, the pressurized air on its way to the intake manifold will pass through a heat exchanger, sometimes called an "intercooler".

The principle of operation of the device is identical to what happens in a liquid radiator, with the only difference being that the air cools the air (the most common air-to-air scheme), since in order to cool the heated compressed air, an external air flow is used, which flows into the car as as you move down the road. There are also water-based charge air intercoolers, which use cold water to cool the air mass to the desired temperature.

How to install a turbine on an atmospheric engine

First of all, it is necessary to ensure the presence of some elements that are required when installing a turbine on a car. These include: a turbine, a manifold, an air cooling intercooler, an air line made of aluminum or stainless steel, silicone pipes, pipes through which coolant and oil are supplied, an outlet pipe leading to the muffler, a fuel supply control system.

The manifold is made according to a special modification, since it will act as a conductor when the exhaust gases move into the turbine. It must have the following parameters: high strength and thick walls. This is necessary since it will operate at high temperatures.

The impeller operates at high rotation speeds. To prevent overheating, a cooling system is installed that uses engine oil as a coolant. When excess pressure occurs, there is a valve that dumps the excess coolant back into the cavity of the engine cooling system.

Details about the compressor on the VAZ

Experimental method of installing a compressor on an engine

- calculate how the fasteners will be provided and what the compressor drive will be like (tension roller, belt or gears...);
— it will be necessary to determine the required performance of the fuel system;
— calculate what modifications to the internal combustion engine will be required for its normal operation with a given compressor (for example, reducing the compression ratio);
— provide piping and, depending on the method of pressure control, a bypass valve or “bypass valve”;
— select and do the necessary chip tuning (it may be necessary to replace the engine braid for DBP and DTV) in order to configure the internal combustion engine control systems according to new parameters;

Engine 6g72 naturally aspirated and turbo

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Details about the turbine on the VAZ

Advantages and disadvantages of a turbocharger

Lack of torque at the low end. A strongly “promoted” aspirated engine, it drives only at high speeds, which is absolutely inconvenient when driving in civilian mode (traffic lights, traffic jams, etc.);

High idle speed (XX), sometimes floating speed XX. And this, again, is very inconvenient when using the car every day (increased consumption, etc.).

-Low pressure turbines (up to 0.5 Bar) will require minimal intervention in the operation of the engine, but you shouldn’t believe in the promises of kit kit sellers that such a turbine can be easily installed on a stock engine; -High-pressure turbines (approximately from 0.6 Bar) will require serious modifications to the engine, and may entail inevitable modifications to the clutch, gearbox, etc.; -Under high-pressure turbines, we will consider turbines installed on the engines of cars that are either no longer destined, due to their acquired sporting character, to go on public roads, or to go out, but as a weekend car. Here the specific pressure of the turbine is no longer so important, two of them can be installed on such a car, the peculiarity of such a car is that its use for every day, due to the acquired characteristic features of a racing (namely, a racing, not a sports) car, at least not comfortable and inconvenient. Huge amount of hp will require an extremely stiff suspension, modification of the brake system as a whole, installation of a sports clutch and many other elements - integral components of a racing car. All this excludes comfortable movement and changes the purpose of this car. The only thing that will affect the layout and setup of such a car is its purpose: ring, straight, drift, etc.

Turbine operating principle

Turbocharging is very good at increasing power and reducing fuel consumption. For example, if you install a turbine on a 1.4 or 1.6 engine, then it is quite possible to get very good car power, comparable to the power of a car without a turbine, but with a 1.8-2.0 engine. The more economical of these two cars will, of course, be the car with a smaller engine capacity. This technology is very popular among the Germans and some Japanese. For example, some VW Golf models come with small engine volumes, but with good power, which in turn is achieved through a turbine.

FAQ

Since the same questions come up quite often, we’ll add some information in advance that will be useful.

First of all, throw away all the old literature and illusions. You should not believe everything that is written on the Internet. There is nothing useful there for beginners and especially for experienced ones.

Is it possible to blow into a stock motor?

It is possible to increase power on a standard engine by installing a turbine or compressor!

How much power will I get out of it?

Power metering companies will be happy to provide this information to you. In short, go to the stand and take measurements BEFORE and AFTER. In a conversation, you can only determine an approximate calculation in percentage or horses, which may differ up or down.

Is it possible to blow 1 bar without touching the motor?

The standard engine can be inflated to 1 bar if the compression ratio allows. The lower the compression ratio, the greater the excess pressure at the inlet. For example: Motors with a compression ratio of 10 hold pressure up to 0.8 bar. Motors with a compression ratio of 10.5 hold a pressure of 0.7 bar. In order to inflate 1 bar into a standard engine, the compression ratio should be no higher than 9.5 - 9.8.

Do you need a brain tune-up?

After installing the turbine, adjustment is required! It is IMPOSSIBLE not to make corrections to the standard firmware!

Is it possible to set up a regular controller?

It is possible, BUT not all and not in all cases. In some cases, the regular controller does not understand the excess of more than 0.3-0.5 bar and cannot correctly adjust the fuel and ignition at the moment of excess pressure. In other cases, it is adjusted to 0.3-0.5 bar. In other cases, only install a sub-controller!

How much does it cost to increase engine power?

The cost of modifying the motor is individual and different for each project. The cost of installing a compressor is from 15 thousand rubles (labor) The cost of installing a turbine for foreign cars without engine modification is from 30 thousand rubles (labor) The cost of installing a turbine for foreign cars with engine preparation is from 60 thousand rubles (labor)

SWAP from 45 thousand rubles (work) The cost of building an individual project is discussed in person.

What is needed to install a turbine

In addition to the turbine itself, the system contains some other components that are necessary for its operation. These components are:

Turbine exhaust manifold.

Since the turbine runs on exhaust gases, it must be inserted into the exhaust gas outlet line from the engine. The so-called special exhaust manifold will help with this. This is what it looks like assembled with the turbine.

Exhaust pipe

Another necessary element of a system with an installed turbocharger is a special pipe for removing exhaust gases to the outside.

By the way, a lambda probe sensor needs to be built into it. This is what it looks like.

Air supply line

The next necessary element is the construction of an air supply line. It uses aluminum tubes and silicone pipes to connect them.

Before air can enter the motor, it must be cooled to use it more efficiently. An intercooler is used for this. This is what he looks like.

In the pictures it is already together with the necessary pipes. It should be noted that since exhaust gases enter the turbine, it heats up very much, and it is simply necessary to connect a channel with coolant to it.

Also, the speed of the turbine impeller is very high, and to ensure its long and reliable operation, it is necessary to connect an oil channel from the engine to it.

Everyone has probably heard the so-called zilch in cars with a turbine, or blowoff. It is needed to relieve excess air pressure.

Electronics

If you decide to install a turbine on your car, then you need to take care of the injectors. You need to purchase injectors with higher performance, as the engine power will increase and standard injectors simply will not be enough. Injectors from Subaru are in demand among popular tuners, or a cheaper option is to install Volgov ones.

It is also worth paying attention to the ECU. Since the standard program will no longer work, it will need to be changed and rolled back online

To do this, you will need to use the services of adjusters who have special equipment for this.

Turbine installation

How to remove gas equipment from a car
Whether it is possible to install a turbine on a car depends on the specific car model. In some cases, it is easier to purchase a new car than to select spare parts. If you decide to do this, then find a good technician, because it’s quite difficult to handle the installation yourself.

The conversion process begins with the removal of all parts in the car related to the air intake and exhaust. The new turbo manifold is connected to the turbine, which is deployed so that work with connecting the pipes is simplified as much as possible.

The bearings of a turbine that rotates at high speed constantly need lubrication. The oil supply pipe is connected to the place in the engine where the oil comes under pressure.

You can also use the oil pressure sensor tee for connection. The other end of the tube is connected to the top of the turbine cartridge. The oil will drain under low pressure into the pan through a special nipple. The cooling system will be connected on the other side of the water pump.

As more air enters the engine, it will require more fuel. To increase its flow, more efficient nozzles are installed. It also wouldn't hurt to install a new fuel pump that matches the injectors. But whether to do this is decided on a case-by-case basis.

Excessive air pressure in the engine will be controlled electronically. Coolant and air temperature sensors are connected to it. The controller must be calibrated so that fuel is injected at exactly the right time based on the engine condition.

Electronic tuning is carried out separately so that the car can drive normally both in the city and on the highway.

The firmware of the motor should be done by a specialist with extensive experience behind him. Otherwise, by changing the factory settings, you can render the engine inoperative, and then spend money on repairing it.

If a compressor is installed on the car, the setup will be much easier. You won't need so many additional parts. It will be able to work at low and high speeds.

In general, the conversion process is quite labor-intensive and requires skills. Accordingly, the price of the issue will be high. Whether you need this, decide for yourself. But with successful installation of the turbine, the dynamic characteristics of the car are significantly improved.

Features of turbocharging

The most important thing to understand is that although turbocharged engines are similar to naturally aspirated internal combustion engines, they are built on the basis of completely different principles. This is due to the specific features of combustion of a mixture of fuel and air under conditions of excess pressure and loads. The more air, the more fuel needed. Accordingly, the car's dynamics will be more acceptable.

In practice, on the one hand, the planned increase in capacity is 20-30 percent, while the volume of work and the injection of funds are significant. Therefore, it turns out that it is best to raise the result to an average level so that the costs pay for themselves and meet the desired requirements.

Which engine is better: naturally aspirated or turbocharged?

The long debate between fans of naturally aspirated and turbocharged engines is far from its logical conclusion. Each option has its own advantages and disadvantages. The constant developments of engineers and designers, adding advantages to one or another option, do not allow one to tip the balance.

Most car owners agree that a naturally aspirated engine, although inferior in power to a turbocharged one, is still more reliable in operation. It is unpretentious in choosing the brand of gasoline and oil, and can be repaired in any auto repair shop. For turbocharged engines, such “liberties” are not allowed.

A turbocharged engine is an expensive pleasure: it requires more attention, careful maintenance, and proper operation. The turbine itself, even if all operating recommendations are followed, has a limited service life and requires replacement after a fairly short period of time.

Therefore, you need to choose a motor option according to your own financial capabilities. The atmospheric option is preferable for car owners who are on a limited budget and are not ready to invest significant funds in the car. Maintenance, operation and repair of the naturally aspirated engine are clearly simpler and cheaper.

A turbocharged engine is the right choice for those who prioritize engine power and driving dynamics. Although such a motor can cause a lot of problems and expenses during operation.

An important factor in choosing a motor is the driving style of the car owner. For a driver who prefers quiet driving, a turbocharged engine is a useless feature. In this case, the cost of a high-power motor is not justified, because the turbine will not perform its functions. But even without using the power plant for its intended purpose, it will have to be maintained according to the rules, which means simply throwing money away.

When buying a car with a turbine, experts advise choosing new models. Only in this case can you be sure that the unit was properly maintained and operated. A car with a turbine “killed” by the previous owner will cause many times more problems than the pleasure of driving it.

Video: turbo and naturally aspirated engines: what is the difference?

In modern conditions, the increase in the number of cars with turbocharged engines concerns, first of all, diesel units. Currently, almost all diesel engines are equipped with a turbocharger, since it is this part that gives a diesel engine decent performance characteristics.

With turbo-gasoline engines the situation is different. Most automakers continue to produce models with simple atmospheric engines, and only some lines add turbo gasoline engines. The fewest such models are on the roads in the CIS countries. This is explained by the lack of demand and the policy of car dealers, who try to protect themselves from problems that arise during the operation of cars and fulfillment of warranty obligations. Sellers take into account the low quality of gasoline and the lack of a sufficient number of highly qualified car mechanics in the CIS.

The answer to the question of whether it is worth buying a gasoline car equipped with a turbine depends on the plans of the car enthusiast. If you plan to drive the car for 3–5 years and cover 150–200 thousand kilometers, with enough available funds, why not. But for those buyers who are not ready to overpay for power and spend money on expensive car maintenance, it is better to opt for a traditional naturally aspirated engine.

You should definitely refuse to buy a used car with a turbocharger, keeping in mind the limited resource of the turbine. Such models are often purchased by young people and “racers” who “roll” a powerful car and practically do not care for it according to the rules. After using the unit to its full potential, it is easier for them to sell it than to invest in repairs. A second-hand car with a turbocharged gasoline engine will absolutely cause a lot of trouble for the new owner.

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Advantages and disadvantages of a modern turbo engine

Before we begin to analyze the pros and cons of a turbo engine, I would like to once again draw your attention to one nuance. According to marketers, the share of new turbocharged cars sold today has increased significantly

Moreover, numerous sources emphasize that turbo engines are increasingly being replaced by “aspirated” ones; car enthusiasts often choose “turbo” because they consider naturally aspirated engines to be a hopelessly outdated type of internal combustion engine, etc. Let's figure out whether a turbo engine is really that good.

Pros of a turbo engine

Let's start with the obvious advantages. Indeed, a turbo engine is lighter in weight, smaller in displacement, but still produces high maximum power. Also, turbine engines provide high torque, which is available at low speeds and is stable over a wide range. In other words, turbo engines have a flat torque level, available from the very bottom to relatively high speeds.
In a naturally aspirated engine there is no such level shelf, since thrust directly depends on engine speed. At low speeds, an atmospheric engine usually produces less torque, that is, it needs to be spun up to obtain acceptable dynamics. At high speeds, the engine reaches maximum power, but torque decreases as a result of natural losses that occur.
Now a few words about the efficiency of turbo engines. Such engines actually consume less fuel compared to atmospheric units under certain conditions. The fact is that the process of filling the cylinders with air and fuel is completely controlled electronically.
It turns out that the ECU ensures that the ratio of the mixture components is optimal in any operating modes of the turbocharged internal combustion engine, due to which complete combustion of the charge is achieved and maximum useful energy is released. In the case of naturally aspirated engines, filling depends both on the crankshaft speed and on the outside air temperature, atmospheric pressure and a number of other factors.
If we take into account the light weight of the unit itself with the turbine, the available thrust at low speeds and the lack of dependence on external factors, the turbo engine naturally consumes less fuel in normal operating modes. It should be remembered that this advantage completely disappears if you constantly drive in the “gas to the floor” mode. Then the fuel consumption of a turbo engine may be even greater than that of atmospheric analogues.

Disadvantages of a turbocharged internal combustion engine

So, we’ve sorted out the main advantages. As for the disadvantages, they are also present. It is quite obvious that a turbo engine is more complex both in terms of electronics and actuators, and in terms of the implementation of the turbocharging circuit itself. Increased requirements for the quality of fuel and engine oil have also not gone away.

The fact is that the unit, small in size and volume, operates under conditions of high mechanical and thermal loads. Boost pressure and cylinder temperatures are much higher compared to naturally aspirated engines, which means accelerated wear on the turbo engine.

Manufacturers take into account various nuances, putting a greater margin of safety into the unit, but during repair of a turbo engine, the cost of reinforced parts is significantly higher. Also, an engine with a turbine has a large number of sensors and lines, as well as additional systems, which complicates diagnostics in case of malfunctions.

A very important point is the resource of the turbine itself. The turbocharger is universally installed on modern internal combustion engines, finally displacing the mechanical compressor. At the same time, a turbine on a gasoline engine usually runs only about 150 thousand km; on a diesel engine, this figure averages up to 250 thousand km. The turbocharger then needs expensive repairs or complete replacement.
As for the well-known problem in the form of “turbo lag” or “turbo lag”, on modern engines this drawback is practically eliminated by installing variable geometry turbines, by using “bi-turbo” technologies, etc. Why practically, and not completely? The fact is that there is still no ideal sharpness of response during dosing of thrust during the throttling process, which is characteristic of naturally aspirated engines. In parallel, more complex turbocharging systems require increased costs and create certain difficulties associated with maintenance and repair.

Advantages and disadvantages of naturally aspirated engine

Electric turbine for a car. is it possible? Is it possible to do it yourself? only the real truth

First of all, for those who don’t know, I’ll tell you what an atmospheric engine is. An atmospheric engine is usually called a conventional internal combustion engine (ICE), which uses air from a carburetor or injector to form a fuel-air mixture (1 part gasoline to 14 parts air). With the advent of turbo engines, the choice of car became more complicated, as drivers began to be increasingly “tempted” by more powerful turbocharged units, giving them preference over conventional internal combustion engines. However, there are also those who still hesitate to buy a turbine due to lack of knowledge or experience in operating this engine.

How's the fuel consumption?

If you carefully read about the pros and cons of both engines (aspirated and turbocharged), then you were surprised that we didn’t say anything about fuel consumption. It is worth dwelling on this issue in a little more detail. Let's try to figure out which motor is more economical.

First, let's compare two engines with the same volume (for example, 1.4 liters). An atmospheric engine will consume on average about 6÷7 liters per 100 km, while a trumpet engine will require 8÷9 liters. However, at the same time, it develops a power 1.5 times greater than atmospheric. Conclusion: with the same displacement, the naturally aspirated engine is much more economical (after all, it not only “eats” less fuel, but also uses cheaper gasoline), but is significantly inferior to the turbocharged engine in terms of power.

Now let’s compare the fuel consumption of engines with the same power (for example, about 140÷150 hp). So many “horses” under the hood usually have a 2.0-liter naturally-aspirated engine or a 1.4-liter turbocharged engine. In the urban cycle, the consumption of a conventional engine will be about 12÷14 liters per 100 km, while that of a turbocharged engine will be the same 8÷9 liters. Conclusion: even taking into account the lower cost of gasoline required for normal operation of an atmospheric engine, a turbocharged engine is much more economical.

In simple words: why are turbo engines increasingly found on cars?

As governments in the world's most motorized countries continue to fight for fuel economy and emissions regulations, mid- and small-displacement turbocharged engines are becoming more common.

It is believed that compact turbocharged engines can combine excellent fuel economy when used carefully in city traffic (at least on paper) and still have high peak power (at least on paper) at maximum revs. For this reason, automakers have begun using this type of engine everywhere so that their products can meet increasingly stringent emissions standards and continue to give customers the same level of power as before, and sometimes offer even more.

In this article, we'll briefly describe how a turbocharged engine (sometimes called a "forced induction engine") works and answer common questions from consumers who are considering purchasing a turbocharged mid-range engine but have never encountered one.

But first, a quick digression: Turbocharged engines can be found in all types of vehicles these days, including sports cars, crossovers, SUVs, and even pickup trucks, so we hope this post will arm you with some useful background knowledge you'll need when shopping for a new or used one. modern car.

Necessary elements for turbine installation

Drivers who do not have enough power in their car decide to install a turbine. Thanks to turbocharging of an atmospheric engine, the car becomes more economical, since the engine power increases, but the volume remains unchanged. So, after installing a turbine on a 1.4-liter engine, the car behaves as if it had a 1.8-liter engine.

However, the issue must be approached with caution, since when technically improving a car, many of its important parts are affected, and additional spare parts are used. Here is a list of the main parts that will be required when installing the turbine:

the turbine itself;
an exhaust manifold;
intercooler to cool the air;
air supply line, which is made of aluminum tubes or stainless steel;
silicone pipes for connecting tubes;
pipes for supplying coolant and oil;
a pipe from the turbine outlet to the muffler (called a pipe or downpipe);
high productivity nozzles;
electronics that will control the fuel supply.

Instead of a conventional manifold, you need a turbo manifold through which the exhaust gases will pass and be directed to the turbine.

The turbine impeller speed is very high. To prevent it from malfunctioning, it is necessary to supply oil that will come from the engine. To relieve excess pressure, a special valve (blow-off) is needed.

Installing a turbine on an atmospheric engine: list of parts

Obviously, the place where the turbine is installed on an atmospheric engine should be an opening for supplying air to the place where the mixture is burned. The list of parts and assembly algorithm are based on this postulate:

the turbine itself is required;
a manifold for exhausting exhaust air rotating the compressor;
intercooler for cooling the air mixture before supplying it to the car engine;
a set of aluminum tubes with clamps, the price of which is low, but the value is enormous, for installing the air line;
coolant and oil pipes;
connection to the exhaust system, downpipe;
high productivity nozzles for delivering a richer mixture;
electronics unit (ECU), because a different operating algorithm requires special settings.

Items required for installation

To install a turbine on a naturally aspirated engine, you will need to prepare the following parts:

The turbine itself.
Electronics that will provide fuel supply control.
An exhaust manifold.
High performance injectors.
Intercooler for air cooling.
The pipe connecting the turbine to the muffler (downpipe).
Air supply line made of stainless steel and aluminum tubes.
Pipes supplying oil and coolant.
Silicone pipes designed for connecting tubes.

To prevent overheating of the turbine, an additional cooling system is installed. An oxygen sensor is built into the downpipe. The turbine impeller rotates at very high speeds. To eliminate the risk of its premature failure, oil is supplied to it, which will be supplied from the engine. Excess pressure will be released using a valve called a blow-off.

Procedure for installing a turbine on an atmospheric engine

A system of collector pipes connects the place where exhaust gases are removed from the engine with the place where the air mixture is injected. In the center of this structure it is necessary to firmly fix the turbine and compressor, behind which an intercooler should be installed. Pay special attention to the strength of the connections of the various tubes to avoid possible air leaks and create a rigid structure.

Installation of electronic sensors, new, powerful injectors and debugging of the system completes the process of improving the car engine. When working independently, it would be a good idea to seek advice from experienced craftsmen to minimize errors and ensure the correct procedure. After successful test runs of an engine with a new design, be sure to diagnose it on the stand, which will indicate the correct operation of the units in the new realities.

Adding a turbo to a naturally aspirated engine can perform a small miracle, breathing new life into a fairly average car and turning it into a motorway star.

Turbine operating principle

As you can see, exhaust gases enter the turbine housing, they enter the impeller or, in other words, the turbine wheels, after they have worked, they exit the turbine. The compressor impeller is located on one turbine shaft. It is installed inside the compressor housing. Atmospheric air enters the inlet, and at the outlet under high pressure we receive the so-called charge air.

Why install a turbine

To understand this, you first need to pay attention to the operating principle of an atmospheric engine.
It functions in this way: air enters it naturally, then mixes with fuel, goes into the cylinder and is ignited by a spark, resulting in the release of energy that sets the car in motion. Installing a turbine makes the engine more powerful and wear-resistant, increases torque and reduces the level of harmful exhaust gases. Thanks to the turbine, the fuel mixture becomes more saturated with air and burns more intensely. Engine power increases by 10%, or even more. In addition, it is more fuel efficient.

This part works like this: exhaust gases enter its body, which rotate the impeller. The compressor impeller is located on one shaft. At the input of the device, atmospheric air exhausted in the engine is supplied, and the output is “inflated”. Therefore, this procedure is known as “turbocharging”. Thus, the efficiency of a 1.4-liter engine equipped with a turbocharging system is quite comparable to the power of units with a useful volume of 1.8 liters. At the same time, of course, a smaller engine consumes significantly less fuel. This technology is especially popular among Japanese and German car manufacturers. However, turbines are often installed in post-Soviet countries, even on old cars.

The undoubted advantages of atmospheric engines include:

Simplicity of design, which has been proven in practice for many decades. Repair and maintenance of such power units cost the owner much less (compared to similar operations for a turbocharged engine).
Significantly longer service life of uninterrupted operation before major repairs. Under the right operating conditions and proper care, the lifespan of naturally aspirated engines is 2–4 times longer than that of turbocharged engines: 300,000–400,000 km is often not the limit of the “longevity” of such engines.
Lower oil consumption, which, depending on driving style, usually does not exceed 200÷500 ml per 10,000 km of vehicle mileage. This is due to the absence of additional devices that require lubrication, as well as lower loads experienced by the rotating parts of the motor during operation.
Unpretentiousness to the quality of the oil used. They work quite satisfactorily on semi-synthetic (and even mineral) motor oils. However, do not forget that the better the oil, the longer the engine life.
The frequency of oil changes is not as frequent as with turbocharged engines, which must be done after a mileage of 15,000÷20,000 km.
Less demanding on the quality of the fuel used. As a rule, many naturally aspirated engines can operate quite satisfactorily on AI92 gasoline.
Faster warm-up in winter.