Voltage regulator VAZ 2109: check and replacement

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3.9 / 5 ( 77 votes)

Appearance of the VAZ 2109 voltage regulator

There are two ways to check the VAZ 2109 voltage regulator: directly on the car and after removal. Its replacement in case of failure is carried out with just one tool - a screwdriver. To check the functionality of the unit, you need a tester and a power supply with regulation (for the second method). How to identify a malfunction of this component of the car? Let's look at two main diagnostic methods.

Replacing a relay in a VAZ 2109 generator - couldn’t be easier

Relay - regulator assembly with brush holder
All car enthusiasts are very familiar with the problem when in the morning their favorite car suddenly does not start, and the reason is completely banal, a dead battery, and the most annoying thing is that it is completely new. This nuisance is associated with a problem in the operation of the generator and its parts, the most important of which and requiring regular checking is the relay-regulator. As a rule, replacing the VAZ 2109 generator relay solves this problem for a long time, since charging the battery, the operation of the electric generator and the car’s power supply system, and the operation of all electrical appliances depend on its operation. Our instructions will help you cope with this task yourself.

https://youtu.be/https://youtu.be/QvhxE6j6iz4
_

Replacing the device

To replace the VAZ 2109 regulator, you must first disconnect the negative terminal from the battery. Then use a screwdriver to remove the two bolts that secure the housing to the generator. Disconnect one wire and remove the assembly along with the brush holder. That's it, all that remains is to install a new one in its place. As you can see, it’s not difficult to replace anything, and if you have a spare one, you can do it in the field.

Video about checking the VAZ 2109 voltage regulator:

Source

Purpose of the generator and relays in it

The electric generator in the car is designed to:

To obtain electrical energy from which the battery is powered
When the normal operation of a car's electric generator is disrupted, the battery begins to discharge, and you won't be able to drive for long after that.
It happens when the battery is powerful enough to drive you home, but in the morning the car won’t start.
The electric generator is located under the hood of your car and is powered by a belt drive.
There are a number of reasons for the breakdown of an electric generator, including worn out brushes, a faulty charging relay, a broken diode bridge and jammed bearings, as well as a break in the circuit of one of the windings

The voltage regulator (relay - regulator) serves:

To maintain the voltage in the on-board network of the machine within the required limits under any operating modes, such as changes in the rotor speed of the electric generator, surges in electrical load, changes in ambient temperature
In addition, it performs such additional functions as protecting the elements of the generating set from operation in emergency modes and from overloads, and ensures automatic inclusion of the power circuit of the electric generator or the excitation winding in the on-board network of the machine

Generator check

It is necessary to check the car generator for the VAZ 2109 to find out the cause of the malfunction:

If there is extraneous noise in its operation, the bearings of the electric generator shaft are most likely worn out.
Reduced voltage at the “output” of the electric generator means wear of the brushes (see VAZ 2109: replacing the generator brushes yourself) or low tension of the drive belt
An increase or decrease in voltage at the “output” may be the consequence of a malfunction of the diode bridge of the electric generator

To perform initial diagnostics of faults, you just need to follow these simple procedures:

Using a voltmeter, we check the voltage at the battery terminals. When the engine is running and the electric generator is working, the voltage at the battery terminals should range from 13.8 volts to 14.5 volts
Turn on the engine and place your palm against the body of the electric generator to detect vibration. When the wear of the bearings increases, the vibration that is transmitted to the housing of the electric generator will be easily perceptible, and it is simply impossible to confuse it with other extraneous vibration
We check the tension of the electric generator belt: with the engine stopped, press the belt with your finger - the deflection under the influence of your finger should not be more than 1 - 1.5 centimeters

Before removing the electric generator itself, in order to avoid unnecessary and unnecessary work, first remove the relay located on the body of the electric generator with your own hands and check the condition of the brushes and the relay itself in particular:

Removing the relay does not require removing the generator from the engine
The relay in the generator is located at the rear, and is attached to it with just two bolts
To unscrew them you will need a Phillips screwdriver.
The bolts should be unscrewed carefully, otherwise you will drop their crankcase protection, and getting them out will become an additional problem
To finally remove the relay you will need to disconnect the wiring with the “female” contact

Checking the relay status

After removal, you must immediately check the functionality of the relay - the voltage regulator, as well as the brush holder and, just in case, the capacitor removed from the generator:

To carry out the test, you will need a power source with the ability to switch (change the value) of the voltage
For example, a charger for your battery will do
A standard voltage test light will also come in handy.
We connect the control light to the brushes of the relay-regulator
Then we connect the voltage to 12V, connecting the minus to ground, and the plus to the terminal of the relay - voltage regulator, as in the photo below
The indicator light should light up
Now we increase the supplied voltage to 15-16 Volts
The indicator light should then go out

Such a test will show us if the light did not go out when the voltage increased, or if it even came on in the first case, then replacing the relay on the VAZ 2109 generator with brush holder assembly is inevitable.

Connection diagram for power supply and test lamp to the relay-regulator to check its serviceability

If everything is in order with the relay-regulator, all that remains is to check the condition of the brush holder, to do this:

It is necessary by pressing your fingers to first check the ease of movement of the brushes themselves in their seats (grooves), and then measure the amount of protrusion of the brushes
This value must be no less than 5 millimeters
Marks from various mechanical damages - deep scratches, chips, cracks - are not allowed to appear on the surface of the brushes.
Brushes with defects, damage, or that do not correspond to the permissible length should be replaced (separately or assembled with the relay, if the price suits you)

Brushes with defects

We complete the test by identifying the condition of the capacitor (if necessary). To check, we need a megohmmeter or a regular multi tester turned on in resistance measurement mode up to 1-10 MegaOhm:

Turn on the device, which will show the resistance value tending to infinity
Then connect the leads from the tester to the capacitor, observe at the moment of their connection, the resistance should decrease, and after that the resistance again tends to infinity
If you observe this phenomenon, know that your capacitor is working properly
Otherwise, buy a new one and replace it
Install the generator relay back into the VAZ 2109

This completes the check of the relay-regulator, everything is as simple as shelling pears, just in case, you can familiarize yourself with the video material on this topic.

Examination

In order to determine the nature of the breakdown at home, you first need to know how to diagnose the generator.

The first stage is carried out without removing the device from the machine. There are several options, but the best quality is a multimeter. True, for this it is best to involve someone you know.

First of all, you need to find out whether the voltage regulator is capable of doing its job. Experts note that most often it is because of this that the generator may not function properly. The problem with it arises due to excessive voltage in the electrical network.

The generator itself is tested like this:

set the multimeter to volts;
start the power unit;
measure the voltage at the battery and at the generator terminals.

Normally, the device will show from 14 to 14.2 volts. After this, you will need to depress the gas pedal - the voltage increase should not exceed half a volt in this case.

An increase in this indicator indicates that the generator’s performance is impaired. Most likely, the voltage relay will need to be replaced.

Alternatively, you can also do this:

start the engine and let it run for a while;
press the gas and bring the crankshaft to 3 thousand revolutions;
turn on the headlights (high beam);
heated rear window;
stove fan.

With such a load, the battery voltage should be more than:

13.2 volts (generator type – 9402.3701);
13,6 (37.3701).

Indicators different from normative ones indicate:

winding faults;
failure of the voltage regulator;
brush breakage.

To exclude the regulator from the list, you need to de-energize all devices except the headlights and measure the voltage again. If the specified node is serviceable, then the indicators will be as follows:

for 37.3701 – up to 14.6;
for 9402.3701 – up to 14.7.

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AutoNews / Reviews / Tests

Where is the Charging Relay on the VAZ 2109

VAZ 2109 generator voltage regulator - installation and repair

VAZ 2109 car models began to be produced in the early 90s. Currently, this model is very different from older versions - it is more convenient and easier to use. The performance of a machine depends on almost everything, constant power - this is the responsibility of the relay .

Determine electrical system malfunction

One of the main advantages of the new VAZ 2109 is fuel injection. This type of fuel mixture is much more economical than a carburetor. In addition to fuel consumption, the injector improves the vehicle's performance on the move. For the injector to work properly, the computer must also work properly, or, as motorists call it, the “brains”.

In turn, the operation of a computer, like all electrical sensors and devices, directly depends on constant power. The device responsible for supplying power to the car unit is called a voltage regulator. The main symptom of this element is the voltmeter on the dashboard.

Also, if you noticeably increased your fuel consumption while driving, but the car began to pull worse, this is one of the main signs of a failed voltage regulator relay. This type of breakdown is especially good in the dark. At this time, dimensions and other electrical appliances are involved, which significantly increase energy consumption. If this is not enough, then the devices and sizes glow very dimly - it's time to change the relay!

Three-level voltage regulator VAZ 2109 carburetor

Three-level voltage regulators with an installation kit are designed to automatically maintain voltage at the terminals of the alternator of vehicles.

They are used on cars with generators, the excitation winding of which is connected to the positive circuit.

Regulators allow you to ensure optimal charging mode for the battery depending on its condition and ambient temperature, regulating the charging voltage over a wide range. The use of such regulators extends the battery life.

Depending on the type of vehicle alternator, the regulators are supplied complete with a corresponding brush assembly or integral voltage regulator mounting housing and connecting wire.

The design of the devices provides a built-in three-position toggle switch for switching voltage levels:

— switch position “min” (13.6V) — for operation at high ambient temperatures (>20ºС), as well as during operation in particularly difficult conditions (traffic in traffic jams, long climbs in the mountains, etc.);

— middle position of the switch (14.2V) – for operation at ambient temperatures from 0ºС to 20ºС;

— switch position “max” (14.7V) — for operation at negative ambient temperatures, as well as for recharging a discharged battery.

Three-level voltage regulators are used instead of standard ones.

Several modifications of voltage regulators can be installed in the generator of VAZ 2108, 21081, 21083, 2109, 21091, 21093, 21099 cars. Until 1998, VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099 cars and their modifications (with carburetor engines) were equipped with a 37.3701 generator. Its voltage regulator 17.3702 consists of two parts: the brush assembly and the generator itself. The voltage regulator has an additional terminal. The regulator is mounted on the back cover of the generator.

Type: built-in

Adjustable voltage: at 4000 rpm of the generator shaft - 13.9-14.3 V, at 2200-10000 rpm - 13.5-14.6 V

Voltage drop at excitation current 3 A between terminals “Ш” and “-“: 1.3 V

Load current change: 0.3-36 A

Weight: 0.065 kg

After 1998, VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099 with a carburetor engine were equipped with a 37.3701 generator with a 61.3702-02 voltage regulator, combining the regulator and brushes. No additional output. It is interchangeable with a two-piece regulator. Attaches to the back cover of the generator.

Technical characteristics of voltage regulator 61.3702-02

Adjustable voltage: at 4000 rpm of the generator shaft - 13.6-14.1 V

Rated current: 5A

For VAZ 21083, 21093, 21099 with a 2111 injection engine, a 9402.3701 generator with a voltage regulator was used. The regulator is installed under the rear plastic cover of the generator.

Notes and additions

— Voltage regulators of other modifications are installed on generators of imported VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099 cars. The voltage regulator for such generators should be selected based on the manufacturer’s recommendations.

More articles on generator voltage regulators for VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099 cars

And yet I was able to install it! I already asked why with standard brushes the car starts and everything works, but with a three-level voltage regulator (TRN) the relay knocks, as if the battery is dead. No one gave the answer! All searches on the forums gave approximately the same answer: I don’t know, I installed it for myself, everything is fine, no problems, I’m satisfied. In general, I drove with standard brushes until recently. www.drive2.ru/l/10172763/ - recording with a problem.

Checking the generator voltage regulator for VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099 cars

To check the voltage regulator of the generator of VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099 cars, you need a DC power source with the ability to regulate the output voltage.

Necessary tools and equipment

— Power supply with the ability to manually adjust the output voltage

— Multimeter or voltmeter

— Indicator lamp 5 W 12 V

Preparatory work

— Assembling an electrical circuit

We connect the negative terminal of the power supply and the negative probe of the multimeter to the ground of the voltage regulator.

Voltage regulator VAZ 2109

To check the voltage regulator of the generator of VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099 cars, you need a DC power source with the ability to regulate the output voltage.
For example, a charger with a manual voltage adjustment function. If it is not there, then you can check the serviceability of the voltage regulator only by indirect signs: the charging current has disappeared and the battery is not charging, or, conversely, the charging current is too high and the battery is “boiling.” You can also check the voltage at the battery terminals with the car engine running (if the voltage regulator is working - at least 13.2 V for generator 9204.3701 or 13.6 V for generator 37.3701).

Necessary tools and equipment

— Power supply with the ability to manually adjust the output voltage

— Multimeter or voltmeter

— Indicator lamp 5W 12V

— Assembling an electrical circuit

We connect the negative terminal of the power supply and the negative probe of the multimeter to the ground of the voltage regulator.

To the “plus” terminal of the regulator we connect the positive terminal of the power supply and the positive terminal of the multimeter.

We connect the test lamp to the brushes of the voltage regulator.

It is necessary to strictly observe polarity when assembling the electrical circuit, since if assembled incorrectly, the regulator will burn out.

The procedure for checking the generator voltage regulator for VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099 cars

We check the generator voltage regulator 37.3701 produced after 1996 for “breakdown” and “breakdown”.

— Apply 13V voltage to the voltage regulator

Turn on the power supply and set the multimeter to voltmeter mode. See diagram above. The control lamp in the circuit should light up. A working regulator supplies the optimal voltage current to the generator rotor winding. If the lamp does not light up, then there is a “break” in the regulator and needs to be replaced.

- Gradually increase the voltage

At a value of 14.5-14.7V, the control lamp should go out. A working regulator does not allow the voltage to rise above this limit. If the control lamp continues to light, then the regulator is “broken” and must be replaced.

— Gradually lower the voltage

The control lamp should turn on at a voltage of at least 13.2V.

Notes and additions

— The voltage regulator of VAZ 2104, 2105, 2107, 21213 cars is checked in the same way.

— Before carrying out the inspection, we inspect the regulator: if it is too dirty, clean it, are too worn (less than 5 mm) or hang when moving the brush, then replace the regulator with a new one.

— Scheme for checking the voltage regulator of the generator of VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099 cars up to 1996.

More articles on electrical equipment of VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099 cars

— Operating principle of a car generator

— Car generator malfunctions

— Design and principle of operation of the generator diode bridge

Reasons why the VAZ 2109 - 2114 generator does not charge

Good day, dear reader. In this article, I will tell you as simply as possible about the operating principle of the VAZ 2109 - 2114 generator and about the reasons why the generator does not charge. So that everything is clear to an ordinary person who has not studied electrical engineering, I will not delve into the physics of what is happening and use scientific terms, but I will explain everything, as they say, “on the fingers.” So, let's begin!

In order to understand why on the VAZ 2109 - 2114 the generator gives little charge or does not charge at all, you need to understand how it works and know the principle of its operation.

The generator consists of five main parts shown in the figure below: armature - 5, stator - 6, relay-regulator paired with brushes - 10, diode bridge - 9, housing - 3.7.

The operating principle is as follows:

a positive wire goes from the battery to the diode bridge (9) and the diode bridge (9) is connected to ground through the housing (3.7) of the generator
voltage through the diode bridge (9) is supplied to the stator (6) of the generator and a magnetic field appears in the stator
when the car starts, the engine, using a belt drive, turns the generator rotor (5)
in the rotor (5), rotating in the magnetic field of the generator (6), a current appears
The current is removed from the rotor by brushes (10) and through a relay-controller (10) is supplied to the car battery.

Failure to comply with any of the points leads to a malfunction of the VAZ 2109 - 2114 generator.

To find the reason why the VAZ 2109 2114 generator does not work or does not charge well, you need to check for serviceability each of the points above that describe the operation of the generator.

The cause of the malfunction in this case may be the wire itself or its connection to the diode bridge or battery. Try cleaning the connection terminals, and if that doesn’t help, test the wire.

Poor contact with the negative wire is not considered, since in this case the engine would not start at all.

If voltage comes to the diode bridge, but charging does not occur, then it should be checked for functionality. To find out how this is done, read the article “Checking the diode bridge of VAZ 2109 - 2114”.

After checking the diode bridge, if it is working properly, we ring the stator winding. To do this, select the continuity mode on the multimeter and apply the probes to the first and second contacts of the stator, and then to the first and third.

If there are no cliffs anywhere, we move on.

The belt may also start to whistle when you turn on energy consumers such as headlights, heated glass, stove fan, etc. If you hear a belt whistle, try to replace it as soon as possible.

This is one of the reasons why the VAZ 2109 -2114 generator does not charge well.

There should be no breaks in the armature, as well as in the stator. Test it by placing the multimeter probes on the brush tracks.

If the anchor does not ring, it should be replaced.

The brushes of the VAZ 2109 -2114 generator wear off over time on the armature tracks. If their length is less than 5 millimeters, then they are not able to press tightly against the anchor, thereby not charging the vase battery.

But it happens that the relay-regulator fails before the brushes are worn out. To check it you will need:

12 volt light bulb
car battery
two 1.5 volt batteries
several wires

We connect the light bulb and battery to the relay regulator as shown in the figure below. In this case, the lamp should be on.

Now we add two batteries to the circuit, as in the figure below. The light should not be on now.

If the light comes on in both cases - the relay - the regulator needs to be changed.

Now you know all the main reasons for the malfunction of the VAZ 2109 - 2114 generator. If you have questions, leave them in the comments!

The carburetor version of the VAZ had a thin V-belt, and the injection models have a wide belt with cores, but this does not change the operating principle. Charging may not go well due to belt slippage. This malfunction is manifested by a strong belt whistle. The belt may also start to whistle when you turn on energy consumers such as headlights, heated glass, stove fan, etc.

often out of order

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Determining electrical system faults

One of the main advantages of the new VAZ 2109 is fuel injection. This type of supply of the fuel mixture is significantly more economical than the carburetor method. In addition to fuel consumption, the injector also improves the vehicle's driving characteristics. For the injector to work properly, the computer or, as motorists call it, “brains” must also work correctly.

In turn, the operation of the computer, as well as all electrical sensors and devices, directly depends on the constant current power. The device that is responsible for supplying power to the vehicle's devices is called a voltage regulator. The main sign of a malfunction of this element is the readings of the voltmeter on the instrument panel.

Also, if while driving the car your fuel consumption has noticeably increased, but at the same time the car began to pull worse, then this is one of the main signs of failure of the voltage regulator relay. This type of breakdown manifests itself especially well in the dark. At this time, dimensions and other electrical appliances are involved, which significantly increase power consumption. If it is not enough, then the instruments and dimensions light up very dimly - it’s time to change the relay!

Description of the procedure for checking the functionality of the voltage regulator

In the event that a malfunction is nevertheless detected in the specified relay, the vehicle’s maintenance manual clearly describes the procedure for identifying a breakdown. It’s worth noting right away that the main advantage of the 2109 model is the fuel injector. This significantly improves the machine's performance. And the injector is directly connected to a computer, which constantly monitors the quality of work and the condition of the injector itself. If this component fails, then the injector also fails.

The failure in question is accompanied by such problems as:

increased fuel consumption while reducing vehicle traction;
dim light from the parking lights, turn signals and instrument panel in the cabin.

If these breakdowns occur, then it is necessary to replace the generator current regulator relay. We will describe the correct procedure for checking the voltage regulator of a VAZ 2109 generator. If you have a car model with the described part installed, then:

you need to take a voltmeter;
start the car engine and set the speed to 1500-2000 per minute;
turn on the low beam headlights;
measure the voltage at the battery terminals.

First aid for a car

The first thing to do in such cases is to check the battery terminals; perhaps they are not making good contact. If there is poor contact at the battery terminals while driving, it will not be charged sufficiently, which may cause problems during further operation of the car. To fix this problem, you need to lubricate the terminals and tighten them.

If your car's alternator fails, you need to have it repaired immediately. Most often, the voltage regulator fails. The failure of this generator element has rather unpredictable consequences. While driving, the regulator controls the required amount of current for the car; if it fails, the voltage in the network changes and can be either more or less. Very often, fuses blow at high voltages.

The VAZ 2109 voltage regulator is located directly in the car’s generator itself. When it fails, most often the generator relay breaks. It consists of several elements such as an electromagnet, an armature and a switch. These elements interact with each other when electric current is applied to them.

Dismantling the generator

First of all, you need to disconnect the battery to completely cut off the power to the car.

disconnect all wires from the generator;
loosen the nuts holding it in place;
lift the device and remove the belt;
completely unscrew the screws of the fixing bar from the cylinder block;
under the engine there are bolts securing the bracket - they need to be removed;
the generator is removed.

Relay regulator VAZ 2109:

1 – brush holder, 2 – brushes, 3 – voltage regulator

Diagnostics of the VAZ 2109 generator regulator relay

Check the serviceability of the VAZ 2109 voltage regulator. Connect a 12 V test lamp to the brushes. Apply 12 V voltage: “ ” to the terminal, and “–” to the “ground” of the brush holder. The indicator lamp should light up

Repairing a generator - VAZ features

To check the car's power supply, you need to take measurements at the battery terminals. To do this, you need to start the car and let it run for a few minutes. After this, take readings with a terminal tester. Next, turn on all possible car devices, dimensions, tape recorder, heating and repeat the measurements. With a properly functioning voltage generator, as well as its regulator, the average voltage in the network should be 12–13 Volts.

The most normal voltage in a VAZ 2109 car is 14.1 Volts. If your readings are more or less than the acceptable average, then you need to start repairing your generator. First of all, you need to check the ground on the generator block. It often happens that it oxidizes under the influence of moisture. Because of this, it may not carry enough current to the vehicle. This terminal is located on the generator block; it needs to be cleaned and lubricated.

Another reason for a lack of vehicle current is a sufficiently worn or loose alternator belt. Using a belt, the generator is driven by the operation of the car engine. If the belt is not tensioned enough, it will slip while driving. Thus, the car generator will not perform the required number of revolutions, and accordingly, the required amount of current will not flow.

If the generator does not produce enough voltage, the battery is not fully charged, which significantly affects its service life. To fix the problem, you need to replace the belt or tighten it. It is very important not to overtighten it, as during movement it will stretch much faster or may even burst. You should not buy belts of dubious production - a low-quality belt wears out very quickly, dries out and stretches.

How to Check the Generator on a VAZ 2109

How to check a VAZ Generator 2109 without outside help

The generator in the car supplies electricity through a power plant. If it fails, first the battery dies, and eventually the car simply cannot move.

This article describes how to check your own generator installed on a VAZ-2109.

It is worth noting that it makes no difference which engine is installed on an auto-injector or a carburetor. In both cases, the diagnosis is made using the same algorithm.

check

To determine the nature of the breakdown at home, you first need to know how to diagnose a generator.

The first stage is performed without removing the device from the machine. There are several options, but of the highest quality. with a multimeter. The truth is, it's best to involve someone you know.

First of all, you need to find out whether the voltage regulator is capable of doing its job. Experts note that this can often cause the generator to not work correctly. The problem with it occurs due to excessive voltage in the network.

The generator itself is tested as follows:

multimeter set to volts;
start the power supply;
measure the voltage at the battery and at the generator terminals.

Typically, the device will read between 14 and 14.2 volts. Then you need to press the gas pedal. without increasing the voltage this is the case for more than half a volt.

An increase in this indicator indicates that the generator is not working. Most likely the voltage relay needs to be replaced.

You can also do the following:

they start the engine and run it for a bit;
compress the gas and bring the crankshaft to 3 thousand revolutions;
turn on the headlights (high beam);
heated rear window;
stove fan.

With such a load, there should be more voltage on the battery:

We repair the voltage regulator and relay

Removing the voltage regulator in a VAZ 2109 car is not difficult. The technical features of this car model allow this work to be performed without removing the generator. The only tools you will need are standard screwdrivers and wrenches.

To replace the voltage regulator in a VAZ 2109, the first thing you need to do is purchase a new element. Nowadays, this will not be difficult, because it is sold in any auto store. Recently, the use and application of three-level regulators has become widespread. However, VAZ cars are still produced with standard regulators.

Therefore, it is better to entrust the replacement and connection of a three-level voltage regulator to an experienced electrician, because this process requires a slight modernization of the generator contact group.

The main difference between the three-level regulator and the standard one is the new relay. The three-level regulator relay is much better in performance and quality than the standard one. This type of regulator makes the voltage more stable and of higher quality and protects the entire electrical system of the car from significant fluctuations in the network. Before performing any type of replacement work, it is recommended to charge the battery. After completion, install everything in the reverse order and take new measurements with a tester at the battery terminals.